FISH

Increased intake of fish from sustainably managed stocks supported both by effects on health outcomes and environmental footprint.

CONTENTS FOR NORDIC NUTRITION RECOMMENDATIONS 2023

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CONTENTS CONTENTS Secretary General’s Preface – NNR2023 INTRODUCTION Preface Abbreviations Glossary Updating scientific evidence used to set DRVs and formulate FBDGs Collaboration and harmonization of health based DRVs and FBDGs in Nordic and Baltic countries Summary of background papers on country specific health effects in the Nordic/Baltic region Science advice on a framework for integrating environmental sustainability Summary of background papers on environmental sustainability RECOMMENDATIONS Principles for setting DRVs in NNR2023 New DRVs for Nordic and Baltic countries Principles for developing a framework for setting FBDGs in NNR2023 Science advice for a healthy and environment-friendly diet in Nordic and Baltic Countries NUTRIENTS Summaries for deriving DRVs for nutrients OVERVIEW OF NUTRIENTS Fluid and water balance Energy Fat and fatty acids Carbohydrate Dietary fibre Protein Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K Thiamin (vitamin B₁) Riboflavin (vitamin B₂) Niacin (vitamin B₃) Pantothenic acid (vitamin B₅) Vitamin B₆ Biotin (vitamin B₇) Folate (vitamin B₉) Vitamin B₁₂ Choline Vitamin C Calcium Phosphorus Magnesium Sodium Potassium Iron Zinc Iodine Selenium Copper Chromium Manganese Molybdenum Fluoride Antioxidants and phytochemicals FOOD GROUPS, MEAL AND DIETARY PATTERNS Summaries for deriving FBDGs for food groups, meal and dietary patterns OVERVIEW OF FOOD GROUPS, MEAL AND DIETARY PATTERNS Breastfeeding Complementary feeding Beverages Cereals Vegetables, fruits, and berries Potatoes Fruit juices Pulses/legumes Nuts and seeds Fish and seafood Red meat White meat Milk and dairy products Eggs Fats and oils Sweets Alcohol Dietary patterns Meal patterns Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS OVERVIEW OF NNR2023 TABLES BACKGROUND PAPERS PUBLIC CONSULTATION COMMENTS ABOUT THE NNR2023 PROJECT The NNR collaboration The pre-project Funding of the NNR project Organization of the NNR2023 project REFERENCES APPENDIX Appendix 1. Experts involved in the NNR project Appendix 2. List of qualified systematic reviews Appendix 3. NNR2023 modified AMSTAR 2 Appendix 4. Body size and energy requirement estimations Appendix 5. Calculation of DRVs Appendix 6. DRVs for children Appendix 7. Vitamin D intake and serum 25OHD concentrations: Approaches to dose–response analyses

Nordic Council of Ministers I www.norden.org/publications I pub@norden.org