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Appendix 3 Description of measurement stations in selected cities

Country
 
City
PM2.5 annual average µg/m3
Urban- and suburban background station name
Data coverage
%
Sweden
Stockholm
26.2
E4/E20 Lilla Essingen
91.6
Göteborg
24.5
Göteborg Gårda
99.8
Malmö
21.1
Malmö Dalaplan
98.8
Denmark
København
26.6
København/1103
93.7
Aarhus
20.4
Aarhus/6153
93.7
Odense
12.1
Odense/9155
94.7
Finland
Helsinki
25.1
Töölöntulli
98.9
Tampere*
13.9
Linja-autoasema
99.9
Oulu
14.9
Oulun keskusta 2
95.4
Norway
 
Oslo
31.8
E6 Alna senter
92.8
Bergen
27.3
Danmarks plass
99.1
Trondheim*
24.1
E6-Tiller
90.8
Iceland
Reykjavík**
12.2
Reykjavík Bústaðavegur
99.8
* For NO2 traffic in Tampere the station with the highest concentration is Pirkankatu (15.8 µg/m3) but data coverage is <85% (78.6%) making the value temporally unrepresentative, why the traffic station in Tampere with the second highest NO2 concentration > 85% has been chosen.
** For NO2 traffic in Reykjavík the station with the highest concentration is Reykjavík Grensas (21.9 µg/m3) but data coverage is <85% (72.8%) making the value temporally unrepresentative, why the measurements from the station with the second highest NO2 concentration with data coverage > 85% has been chosen. Data provided by Þorsteinn Jóhannsson, Environment Agency of Iceland.
Table A3.1. Traffic stations: NO2 annual average concentrations 2021 and the data and stations used in Figure 4.6 and 4.7 for the selected cities.
Country
 
City
PM2.5 annual average µg/m3
Urban- and suburban background station name
Data coverage
%
Sweden
Stockholm
9,7
Stockholm Torkel Knutssongatan
99.4
Göteborg
12.7
Göteborg Femman
99.7
Malmö
9.4
Malmö Rådhuset
98.8
Denmark
København
9.8
København/1259
93.8
Aarhus
9.3
Aarhus/6160
93.9
Odense
7.4
Odense/9159
93.7
Finland
Helsinki
12.4
Kallio 2
97.8
Tampere
13.0
Kaleva
99.9
Oulu
8.7
Pyykösjärvi
99.5
Norway
 
Oslo
19.2
Bryn skole
95.7
Bergen
13.4
Klosterhaugen
93.3
Trondheim*
t.u. (19.2)
Torvet
49.2
Iceland
Reykjavík**
8.2
Kópavogur Dalsmári
99.4
* Bold red: For NO2 urban background in Trondheim 2021 there is only one measuring station (Torvet) but data coverage is only 49.2% making the NO2 value (19.2 µg/m3) temporal unrepresentative (t.u.), why it is not included in the graphic presentation.
** Kópavogur is strictly speaking not within Reykjavík administrative city unit, but Kópavogur has grown together with Reykjavík and can thus represent Reykjavík as an Urban background / suburban background station.
Table A3.2. Urban background and suburban background stations: NO2 annual average concentrations 2021 and information on the data and stations used in Figure 4.6 and 4.7 for the selected cities. t.u.= temporal unrepresentative data.
Country
 
City
PM2.5 annual average µg/m3
Urban- and suburban background station name
Data coverage
%
Sweden
Stockholm
2.1
Norr Malma
99.9
Göteborg
3.0
Råö
100.0
Malmö
3.3
Hallahus
98.9
Denmark
København
5.3
Risø
98.4
Aarhus*
3.3
Ulborg (120 km)
92.2
Odense*
6.0
Keldsnor (80 km)
90.9
Finland
Helsinki
3.9
Luukki
98.8
Tampere
2.0
Hyytiälä
99.5
Oulu*
1.1
Oulanka (230 km)
99.2
Norway
 
Oslo
0.4
Hurdal25
91.5
Bergen**
- - -
no suitable st.
- - -
Trondheim*
0.1
Kårvatn (110 km)
99.7
Iceland
Reykjavík***
2.0
Gröf
99,9
* Bold green: Rural or rural background measuring stations located more than 50 km away from the city which it is supposed to represent (the approximate distance to the city centre is given in brackets).
** For Bergen 2021 no suitable rural background station was found to represent the background for this oceanic influenced location (nearest rural or rural background station is located about 300 km in a rather different climate/environment).
*** Gröf is officially defined as Industrial station, due to location of nearby industry (4 km away from the station) which primary emits SO2 but this station can for NO2 represent the Rural / rural background level for Reykjavík. This station is located about 20 km from Reykjavík City Centre. Comments and data provided by Þorsteinn Jóhannsson, Environment Agency of Iceland.
Table A3.3. Rural and rural background stations: NO2 annual average concentrations 2021 and information on the data and stations used in Figure 4.6 and 4.7 for the selected cities. n.m.= no measurements.
Country
 
City
PM2.5 annual average µg/m3
Urban- and suburban background station name
Data coverage
%
Sweden
Stockholm
6.0
Stockholm St Eriksgatan
99.99
Göteborg
7.4
Göteborg Haga
99.6
Malmö
8.6
Malmö Dalaplan
99.1
Denmark
København
10.3
København/1103
98.1
Aarhus
8.8
Aarhus/6153
96.4
Odense*
n.m.
n.m.
n.m.
Finland
Helsinki
7.2
Mannerheimintie
99.5
Tampere*
6.1
Epila 2
99.9
Oulu
5.2
Oulun keskusta 2
98.2
Norway
 
Oslo
9.3
Bygdøy Alle
91.8
Bergen
7.8
Danmarks plass
99.9
Trondheim
5.9
Elgeseter
97.0
Iceland
Reykjavík**
4.4
Bústaðavegur
100
* For Odense (Denmark) there are in 2021 no traffic stations measuring PM2.5. n.m.= no measurements.
** Reykjavík (Iceland). Data comes from a mobile AQ station owned by the City of Reykjavík and data from this station has not been send to EEA. This station should well reflect the situation near busy roads in Reykjavík. Comments and data provided by Þorsteinn Jóhannsson, Environment Agency of Iceland.
Table A3.4. Traffic stations: PM2.5 annual average concentrations 2021 and the data and stations used in Figure 4.6 and 4.7 for the selected cities. n.m.= no measurements.
Country
 
City
PM2.5 annual average µg/m3
Urban- and suburban background station name
Data coverage
%
Sweden
Stockholm
5.1
Stockholm Torkel Knutssongatan
95.7
Göteborg**
t.u. (4.8)
Göteborg Femman
54.6
Malmö
8.3
Malmö Rådhuset
93.1
Denmark
København
8.0
København/1259
97.3
Aarhus
7.6
Aarhus/6160
96.4
Odense
n.m.
n.m.
n.m.
Finland
Helsinki
5.8
Kallio 2
99.6
Tampere
4.5
Kaleva
95.5
Oulu
n.m.
n.m.
n.m.
Norway
 
Oslo
9.1
Skøyen
88.4
Bergen
6.3
Klosterhaugen
98.9
Trondheim
6.7
Torvet
86.3
Iceland
Reykjavík***
4.9
Kópavogur Dalsmári
99.9
* For Odense (Denmark) and Oulu (Finland) there are in 2021 no urban background or suburban background stations measuring PM2.5. n.m.= no measurements.
** Bold red: For PM2.5 urban background in Göteborg there is only one measuring station, but data coverage is only 54.6% making the PM2.5 value (4.8 µg/m3) temporal unrepresentative (t.u.), why it is not included in the graphic presentation.
*** Kópavogur is strictly speaking not within Reykjavík administrative city unit, but Kópavogur has grown together with Reykjavík and can thus represent Reykjavík as an Urban background / suburban background station.
Table A3.5. Urban background and suburban background stations: PM2.5 annual average concentrations 2021 and information on the data and stations used in Figure 4.6 and 4.7 for the selected cities. n.m.= no measurements. t.u.= temporal unrepresentative data.
Country
 
City
PM2.5 annual average µg/m3
Rural and rural background
station name
Data coverage
%
Sweden
Stockholm
3.9
Norr Malma
99.95
Göteborg*
9.1
Råö
97.8
Malmö**
t.u. (5.6)
Hallahus
76.8
Denmark
København
7.4
Risø
93.5
Aarhus***,§1
7.4
Risø (130 km)
93.5
Odense***,§1
7.4
Risø (110 km)
93.5
Finland
Helsinki
4.5
Luukki
98.7
Tampere***,§2
4.5
Luukki (140 km)
98.7
Oulu**
2.1
Matorova (330 km)
99.5
Norway
 
Oslo
2.8
Hurdal25
95.3
Bergen*4
- - -
no suitable st.
- - -
Trondheim***
2.1
Kårvatn (110 km)
91.2
Iceland
Reykjavík*5
3.9
Gröf
96,3
* For Råö PM2.5 , rural background for Göteborg, there is only one measuring station available in the European Air Quality Portal (but data coverage is only 16.3% making the PM2.5 value (5.7 µg/m3) temporal unrepresentative, why measurements from this station have been omitted. However, from Sweden an annual average value for PM2.5 for 2021 from Råö, but measured with another instrument, was send afterwards and it is this value (9.07 µg/m3 with a data coverage of 357 days in 2021) that has been used.
** Bold red: For Hallahus PM2.5 , rural background for Malmö, there is only one measuring station but data coverage is only 76.8% making the PM2.5 value (5.6 µg/m3) temporal unrepresentative (t.u.), why measurements from this station are not included in the graphic presentation.
*** Bold green: Rural or rural background measuring stations located more than 50 km away from the city which it is supposed to represent (the approximate distance to the city centre is given in brackets).
Table A3.6. Rural or rural background stations: PM2.5 annual average concentrations 2021 and information on the data and stations used in Figure 4.6 and 4.7 for the selected cities. n.m.= no measurements.
*4 For Bergen no suitable rural or rural background station was found for 2021 to represent the background for this oceanic influenced location (nearest rural or rural background station is located about 300 km in a rather different climate/environment).
*5 Gröf is officially defined as Industrial station, due to location of nearby industry (4 km away from the station) which primary emits SO2 but this station can for PM2.5 represent the Rural / rural background level for Reykjavík. This station is located about 20 km from Reykjavík City Centre. Comments and data provided by Þorsteinn Jóhannsson, Environment Agency of Iceland.
§1 PM2.5 rural at Odense and Aarhus, Denmark, is both represented by the PM2.5 value (7.4 µg/m3) measured at the rural station, Risø, which is also representing København.
§2 PM2.5 rural for Tampere, Finland, is represented by the PM2.5 value (4.5 µg/m3) measured at the rural station, Luukki, which is also representing Helsinki.
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