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9 Sharing of Health Data

9.1 Sharing of health data – healthcare providers

Another topic that was scrutinized in the survey was citizens’ willingness to share their digital health data. In Question 15 the citizens were asked, “In the case of the need for personal treatment in another Nordic country, which digital health data would you then accept to share across healthcare providers (e.g. hospitals, outpatient clinics, etc.) in the Nordic Countries?”. Answers are shown in Table 9.1.a and Figure 9.1.a an overview of the answers to question 15 is presented.
Participants were allowed to provide multiple answers; thus, frequency and N are not equal.
Table 9.1.a In the case of the need for personal treatment in another Nordic country, which digital health data would you then accept to share across healthcare providers (e.g. hospitals, outpatient clinics, etc.) in the Nordic Countries?
Denmark
Finland
Iceland
Norway
Sweden
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Medical history
722
71
727
72
704
69
668
66
702
69
Diagnoses
652
64
671
66
650
64
634
62
606
60
Medication/prescriptions
739
73
779
77
729
72
735
72
704
69
Test results/laboratory data
641
63
643
63
676
67
573
56
581
57
Immunization
740
73
719
71
744
73
722
71
677
67
Allergies
629
62
623
61
676
67
629
62
581
57
Referrals
422
41
395
39
401
40
366
36
429
42
Online booking (eBooking)
358
35
318
31
287
28
296
29
316
31
Data you have collected/​generated
245
24
165
16
196
19
198
19
202
20
Other issues
18
2
5
0
9
1
6
1
2
0
None
74
7
58
6
93
9
64
6
88
9
Don’t know
104
10
106
10
89
9
123
12
108
11
N
1017
 
1015
 
1013
 
1016
 
1017
 
Figure 9.1.a In the case of the need for personal treatment in another Nordic country, which digital health data would you then accept to share across healthcare providers (e.g. hospitals, outpatient clinics, etc.) in the Nordic Countries?
In general, the majority of the citizens seem willing to share their data if needed for treatment purposes. Hence, on average citizens are willing to share digital health data concerning their Medical history (69%), Diagnoses (63%), Medication/prescriptions (73%), Test results/laboratory data (61%), Immunization (71%), and Allergies (62%).
Fewer citizens were on average willing to share data linked to the indicators referrals (40%) and online bookings (31%), data that, compared to the other options, seem to have relatively less relevance in a treatment context.
Interestingly, only 16% (Finland) to 25% (Denmark), of the citizens wished to share data in a treatment situation which they had collected/generated.
Across the countries, 6% (Finland/Norway) to 9% (Iceland/Sweden) of the citizens are not willing to share any of their digital health data.

Cross tables – Denmark

Table 9.1.b In the case of the need for personal treatment in another Nordic country, which digital health data would you then accept to share across healthcare providers (e.g. hospitals, outpatient clinics, etc.) in the Nordic Countries? Danish answers crossed with age, gender, and educational level.
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­­tion/ pres­criptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni­zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBooking)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Age
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
18–29 years
152
15
140
14
150
15
135
13
145
14
146
14
104
10
84
8
76
7
6
1
6
1
6
1
30–39 years
110
11
110
11
122
12
110
11
128
13
116
11
83
8
70
7
50
5
4
0
6
1
11
1
40–49 years
122
12
113
11
130
13
112
11
125
12
113
11
85
8
72
7
47
5
 
 
13
1
17
2
50–59 years
113
11
99
10
111
11
105
10
119
12
100
10
61
6
59
6
34
3
3
0
17
2
18
2
60–69 years
102
10
92
9
103
10
88
9
106
10
77
8
38
4
29
3
15
1
2
0
12
1
24
2
70 years or more
123
12
98
10
123
12
91
9
117
12
77
8
51
5
44
4
23
2
3
0
20
2
28
3
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni­zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBooking)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Gender
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Female
331
33
309
30
350
34
298
29
349
34
294
29
183
18
155
15
99
10
5
0
46
5
64
6
Male
390
38
342
34
388
38
342
34
390
38
334
33
238
23
202
20
146
14
13
1
28
3
40
4
Do not wish to share that information
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni­zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBooking)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Education level
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Primary school
30
3
29
3
30
3
26
3
32
3
27
3
20
2
13
1
11
1
2
0
6
1
2
0
Secondary education (Matricula­tion exam etc.)
80
8
78
8
86
8
75
7
80
8
77
8
54
5
42
4
36
4
 
 
1
0
5
0
Vocational education
83
8
70
7
76
7
70
7
81
8
64
6
43
4
37
4
28
3
3
0
11
1
24
2
Short higher education (less than 3 years)
61
6
50
5
63
6
43
4
62
6
50
5
28
3
22
2
14
1
2
0
10
1
13
1
Medium-length higher education (3–4 years)
213
21
194
19
222
22
188
18
221
22
187
18
116
11
105
10
69
7
4
0
22
2
38
4
Longer higher education (over 4 years)
227
22
205
20
235
23
211
21
235
23
200
20
140
14
121
12
76
7
6
1
23
2
21
2
PhD
28
3
26
3
27
3
28
3
29
3
24
2
21
2
18
2
11
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
N = 1017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Cross tables – Finland

Table 9.1.c In the case of the need for personal treatment in another Nordic country, which digital health data would you then accept to share across healthcare providers (e.g. hospitals, outpatient clinics, etc.) in the Nordic Countries? Finnish answers crossed with age, gender, and educational level.
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scrip­tions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBooking)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Age
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
18–29 years
127
13
119
12
124
12
114
11
125
12
119
12
88
9
76
7
52
5
1
0
8
1
32
3
30–39 years
109
11
105
10
126
12
100
10
112
11
108
11
64
6
54
5
27
3
 
 
10
1
19
2
40–49 years
106
10
92
9
118
12
93
9
102
10
99
10
61
6
49
5
26
3
1
0
13
1
12
1
50–59 years
130
13
113
11
135
13
106
10
124
12
112
11
62
6
47
5
18
2
 
 
10
1
13
1
60–69 years
123
12
119
12
132
13
108
11
125
12
103
10
65
6
50
5
22
2
1
0
7
1
15
1
70 years or more
132
13
123
12
144
14
122
12
131
13
82
8
55
5
42
4
20
2
2
0
10
1
15
1
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immun-ization
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBooking)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Gender
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Female
359
35
340
33
398
39
316
31
366
36
338
33
200
20
153
15
79
8
1
0
25
2
59
6
Male
359
35
321
32
372
37
317
31
344
34
276
27
188
19
160
16
82
8
4
0
30
3
45
4
Non-binary
7
1
8
1
7
1
8
1
7
1
7
1
5
0
4
0
3
0
 
 
1
0
1
0
Do not wish to share that information
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
 
 
2
0
1
0
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuniz-ation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBooking)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Education level
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Primary school
63
6
53
5
65
6
53
5
59
6
49
5
36
4
18
2
11
1
1
0
5
0
16
2
Secondary education (Matriculation exam etc.)
74
7
68
7
78
8
64
6
77
8
67
7
49
5
36
4
27
3
 
 
4
0
13
1
Vocational education
201
20
181
18
209
21
172
17
193
19
163
16
105
10
87
9
42
4
 
 
23
2
23
2
Short higher education (less than 3 years)
107
11
94
9
110
11
87
9
104
10
81
8
38
4
28
3
12
1
 
 
5
0
14
1
Medium-length higher education (3–4 years)
146
14
146
14
169
17
135
13
151
15
145
14
89
9
79
8
50
5
4
0
10
1
23
2
Longer higher education (over 4 years)
122
12
115
11
134
13
119
12
121
12
107
11
71
7
65
6
21
2
 
 
8
1
17
2
PhD
14
1
14
1
14
1
13
1
14
1
11
1
7
1
5
0
2
0
 
 
3
0
 
 
N = 1015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Cross tables – Iceland

Table 9.1.d In the case of the need for personal treatment in another Nordic country, which digital health data would you then accept to share across healthcare providers (e.g. hospitals, outpatient clinics, etc.) in the Nordic Countries? Icelandic answers crossed with age, gender, and educational level.
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Age
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
18–29 years
159
16
158
16
165
16
160
16
166
16
168
17
111
11
75
7
60
6
1
0
19
2
16
2
30–39 years
140
14
136
13
144
14
136
13
145
14
137
14
97
10
73
7
55
5
2
0
20
2
20
2
40–49 years
123
12
120
12
127
13
114
11
126
12
125
12
79
8
48
5
37
4
3
0
18
2
13
1
50–59 years
102
10
96
9
112
11
105
10
113
11
106
10
62
6
45
4
21
2
1
0
14
1
15
1
60–69 years
86
8
72
7
93
9
80
8
102
10
80
8
28
3
24
2
13
1
 
 
12
1
15
1
70 years or more
94
9
68
7
88
9
81
8
92
9
60
6
24
2
22
2
10
1
2
0
10
1
10
1
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Gender
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Female
344
34
335
33
377
37
352
35
387
38
361
36
191
19
121
12
84
8
3
0
48
5
51
5
Male
353
35
308
30
345
34
317
31
350
35
308
30
204
20
162
16
109
11
6
1
45
4
37
4
Non-binary
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
4
0
3
0
 
 
 
 
1
0
Do not wish to share that information
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Education level
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Primary school
60
6
52
5
60
6
59
6
62
6
58
6
32
3
23
2
21
2
3
0
13
1
8
1
Youth education
35
3
29
3
35
3
33
3
36
4
26
3
11
1
9
1
5
0
 
 
4
0
6
1
Vocational education
40
4
33
3
38
4
32
3
30
3
29
3
20
2
14
1
5
0
 
 
4
0
4
0
Master’s degree in industrial industry
33
3
24
2
29
3
25
2
36
4
24
2
13
1
7
1
4
0
 
 
7
1
5
0
Matriculation exam
93
9
90
9
99
10
93
9
100
10
99
10
63
6
37
4
28
3
 
 
17
2
12
1
Secondary education, other than Matriculation exam
62
6
55
5
64
6
57
6
64
6
57
6
30
3
22
2
11
1
 
 
11
1
9
1
Secondary education, technical school examination
20
2
16
2
20
2
17
2
22
2
18
2
9
1
7
1
5
0
 
 
6
1
7
1
Bachelor’s degree (BSc)
180
18
173
17
192
19
179
18
194
19
178
18
108
11
80
8
59
6
3
0
20
2
25
2
Master’s degree, MSc
171
17
168
17
180
18
170
17
188
19
176
17
108
11
83
8
56
6
3
0
10
1
13
1
PhD
10
1
10
1
12
1
11
1
12
1
11
1
7
1
5
0
2
0
 
 
1
0
 
 
N = 1013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Cross tables – Norway

Table 9.1.e In the case of the need for personal treatment in another Nordic country, which digital health data would you then accept to share across healthcare providers (e.g. hospitals, outpatient clinics, etc.) in the Nordic Countries? Norwegian answers crossed with age, gender, and educational level.
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Age
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
18–29 years
127
13
129
13
143
14
118
12
141
14
135
13
76
7
64
6
56
6
2
0
9
1
34
3
30–39 years
128
13
116
11
136
13
110
11
132
13
126
12
72
7
53
5
49
5
 
 
12
1
12
1
40–49 years
113
11
106
10
125
12
96
9
128
13
114
11
62
6
46
5
30
3
1
0
13
1
15
1
50–59 years
110
11
114
11
130
13
105
10
124
12
118
12
68
7
60
6
33
3
1
0
7
1
27
3
60–69 years
95
9
87
9
101
10
75
7
99
10
77
8
47
5
43
4
18
2
1
0
12
1
16
2
70 years or more
95
9
82
8
100
10
69
7
98
10
59
6
41
4
30
3
12
1
1
0
11
1
19
2
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collected/ genera­ted
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Gender
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Female
321
32
320
31
375
37
289
28
364
36
328
32
167
16
127
13
81
8
3
0
28
3
57
6
Male
345
34
311
31
359
35
282
28
355
35
299
29
198
19
168
17
117
12
3
0
36
4
65
6
Non-binary
1
0
2
0
 
 
1
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Do not wish to share that information
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
0
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Education level
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Primary school
23
2
22
2
27
3
22
2
24
2
22
2
14
1
11
1
7
1
 
 
4
0
12
1
Secondary education (Matriculation exam etc.)
77
8
76
7
88
9
71
7
87
9
78
8
49
5
36
4
28
3
 
 
5
0
22
2
Upper secondary school - vocational subjects
65
6
59
6
70
7
47
5
66
6
56
6
27
3
22
2
15
1
 
 
12
1
17
2
Vocational training (skilled worker, craftsman)
94
9
87
9
106
10
71
7
102
10
87
9
48
5
36
4
24
2
1
0
10
1
17
2
Medium-length higher education (3–4 years)
206
20
205
20
228
22
180
18
222
22
191
19
116
11
94
9
63
6
2
0
17
2
35
3
Longer higher education (over 4 years)
194
19
173
17
204
20
172
17
209
21
184
18
105
10
92
9
58
6
3
0
15
1
19
2
PhD
9
1
12
1
12
1
10
1
12
1
11
1
7
1
5
0
3
0
 
 
1
0
1
0
N = 1016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Cross tables – Sweden

Table 9.1.f In the case of the need for personal treatment in another Nordic country, which digital health data would you then accept to share across healthcare providers (e.g. hospitals, outpatient clinics, etc.) in the Nordic Countries? Swedish answers crossed with age, gender, and educational level.
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Age
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
18–29 years
135
13
122
12
128
13
116
11
140
14
127
12
90
9
75
7
55
5
 
 
16
2
20
2
30–39 years
122
12
110
11
119
12
107
11
111
11
112
11
90
9
71
7
49
5
1
0
13
1
18
2
40–49 years
126
12
110
11
125
12
108
11
117
12
114
11
85
8
56
6
34
3
1
0
10
1
15
1
50–59 years
109
11
93
9
113
11
85
8
107
11
94
9
63
6
49
5
27
3
 
 
15
1
19
2
60–69 years
102
10
83
8
101
10
76
7
93
9
72
7
47
5
28
3
23
2
 
 
12
1
19
2
70 years or more
108
11
88
9
118
12
89
9
109
11
62
6
54
5
37
4
14
1
 
 
22
2
17
2
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Gender
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Female
367
36
312
31
372
37
306
30
348
34
307
30
220
22
159
16
89
9
1
0
33
3
49
5
Male
329
32
289
28
326
32
270
27
323
32
269
26
207
20
154
15
112
11
1
0
55
5
58
6
Non-binary
4
0
4
0
4
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
1
0
2
0
1
0
 
 
 
 
 
 
Do not wish to share that information
2
0
1
0
2
0
2
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
0
 
Medical history
Diagnoses
Medica­tion/ pre­scriptions
Test results/ laboratory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Referrals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collected/ generated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Education level
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Elementary school
48
5
39
4
49
5
38
4
45
4
35
3
25
2
18
2
9
1
 
 
9
1
12
1
Secondary school
298
29
258
25
300
29
240
24
288
28
247
24
175
17
127
12
91
9
1
0
36
4
57
6
University/
College
347
34
300
29
346
34
294
29
332
33
288
28
222
22
165
16
97
10
1
0
43
4
37
4
PhD
9
1
9
1
9
1
9
1
12
1
11
1
7
1
6
1
5
0
 
 
 
 
2
0
N = 1017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

9.2 Sharing of health data – research

Question 16 is very similar to question 15 as it concerns citizens’ sharing of health data; however, in this question, they are asked whether they would allow their data to be used for research purposes across the Nordic countries. Table 9.2.a and Figure 9.2.a provides an overview of the answers.
Participants were allowed to choose between multiple response options; thus, frequency and N are not equal.
Table 9.2.a In the case of the need for personal treatment, which digital health data would you accept to share for research across the Nordic Countries?
 
Denmark
Finland
Iceland
Norway
Sweden
 
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Medical history
634
62
567
56
627
62
595
59
590
58
Diagnoses
589
58
551
54
630
62
563
55
557
55
Medication/prescriptions
620
61
588
58
646
64
586
58
581
57
Test results/laboratory data
601
59
537
53
623
62
529
52
545
54
Immunization
622
61
576
57
655
65
609
60
579
57
Allergies
537
53
476
47
594
59
518
51
501
49
Referrals
336
33
275
27
362
36
288
28
346
34
Online booking (eBooking)
263
26
196
19
251
25
239
24
241
24
Data you have collected/generated
219
22
114
11
181
18
178
18
163
16
Other issues
20
2
5
0
13
1
5
0
4
0
None
134
13
149
15
119
12
115
11
128
13
Don’t know
143
14
148
15
136
13
164
16
161
16
N
1017
 
1015
 
1013
 
1016
 
1017
 
Figure 9.2.a In the case of the need for personal treatment, which digital health data would you accept to share for research across the Nordic Countries?
The general pattern in citizens’ responses from question 15 is repeated in question 16. What is different, is citizens' overall willingness to share data, which seems to be at least 10 percentage points lower for research purposes compared to individual treatment purposes.
When used for research, the following number of citizens are on average willing to share digital health data concerning their Medical history (59%), Diagnoses (57%), Medication/prescriptions (60%), Test results/laboratory data (56%), Immunization (60%), and Allergies (52%).
Once again, fewer citizens were on average willing to share data concerning referrals, online bookings, and health data they have collected/generated on their own.
Across the countries, 11% (Norway) to 15% (Finland) of the citizens are not willing to share any of their digital health data for research purposes.

Cross tables – Denmark

Table 9.2.b In the case of the need for personal treatment, which digital health data would you accept to share for research across the Nordic Countries? Danish answers crossed with age, gender, and educational level.
 
Medical history
Diagno­ses
Medica­tion/​prescrip­tions
Test results/ labora­tory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Refer­rals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collec­ted/ genera­ted
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Age
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
18–29 years
128
13
121
12
129
13
127
12
122
12
126
12
86
8
77
8
70
7
8
1
16
2
18
2
30–39 years
91
9
88
9
90
9
89
9
97
10
93
9
58
6
47
5
43
4
4
0
25
2
18
2
40–49 years
107
11
103
10
108
11
100
10
105
10
99
10
69
7
49
5
42
4
 
 
26
3
26
3
50–59 years
98
10
99
10
96
9
108
11
101
10
91
9
46
5
38
4
32
3
2
0
24
2
23
2
60–69 years
87
9
79
8
84
8
83
8
86
8
62
6
31
3
20
2
15
1
5
0
24
2
27
3
70 years or more
123
12
99
10
113
11
94
9
111
11
66
6
46
5
32
3
17
2
1
0
19
2
31
3
 
Medical history
Diagno­ses
Medica­tion/ prescrip­tions
Test results/ labora­tory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Refer­rals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collec­ted/ gene­rated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Gender
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Female
282
28
277
27
276
27
276
27
288
28
247
24
140
14
105
10
84
8
7
1
76
7
91
9
Male
351
35
311
31
343
34
324
32
333
33
289
28
195
19
157
15
135
13
13
1
58
6
52
5
Do not wish to share that information
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Medical history
Diagno­ses
Medica­tion/ prescrip­tions
Test results/ labora­tory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Refer­rals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collec­ted/ gene­rated
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Education level
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Primary school
26
3
22
2
27
3
24
2
25
2
22
2
14
1
9
1
9
1
2
0
7
1
6
1
Secondary education (Matriculation exam etc.)
67
7
65
6
67
7
65
6
67
7
65
6
43
4
36
4
32
3
1
0
12
1
10
1
Vocational education
77
8
65
6
75
7
70
7
72
7
50
5
37
4
32
3
25
2
3
0
12
1
29
3
Short higher education (less than 3 years)
48
5
52
5
50
5
49
5
49
5
33
3
19
2
9
1
10
1
3
0
15
1
13
1
Medium-length higher education (3–4 years)
190
19
170
17
177
17
171
17
188
18
163
16
90
9
70
7
59
6
4
0
39
4
56
6
Longer higher education (over 4 years)
201
20
191
19
199
20
197
19
195
19
180
18
114
11
92
9
69
7
6
1
46
5
27
3
PhD
25
2
24
2
25
2
25
2
26
3
24
2
19
2
15
1
15
1
1
0
3
0
2
0
N = 1017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Cross tables – Finland

Table 9.2.c In the case of the need for personal treatment, which digital health data would you accept to share for research across the Nordic Countries? Finnish answers crossed with age, gender, and educational level.
 
Medical history
Diagno­ses
Medica­tion/ prescrip­tions
Test results/ labora­tory data
Immuni-zation
Allergies
Refer­rals
Online booking (eBoo-king)
Data you have collec­ted/ genera­ted
Other issues
None
Don’t know
Age
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
Freq
%
18–29 years
89
9
95
9
96
9
87
9
105
10
92
9
62
6
53
5
33
3
 
 
28
3
33
3
30–39 years
88
9
82
8
93
9
79
8
82
8
82
8
47
5
35
3
19
2
 
 
27
3
27
3
40–49 years
74
7
65
6
76
7
62
6
72
7
64
6
32
3
27
3
15
1
2
0