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Appendix H. LCI tables E-commerce

CS1 - Single use e-commerce plastic bag

Production
Raw materials
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographi­cal cover­age
Dataset
Source
Comments
LDPE
12
g (net weight)
Scope of project
Secondary data
Europe (RER)
polyethylene, low density, granulate
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Net weight
Process
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographi­cal cover­age
Dataset
Source
 
extrusion, plastic film
calculated in model
 
Scope of project
Secondary data
Europe (RER)
extrusion, plastic film
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
 
Distribution from factory to retail/​distribution centre (DC) and from DC to final client
Trans­portation method
Distance
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographi­cal cover­age
Dataset
Source
Comments
Road, truck, >32 t, EURO 4
3500
km
Plastic LCA method section 4.4.7.5
Secondary data
100% Intraconti­nental (Europe)
transport, freight, lorry >32 metric ton, EURO4 - RER - transport, freight, lorry >32 metric ton, EURO4
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Default scenarios – from factory to retail/​distribution centre
Van
250
km
Plastic LCA method section 4.4.7.5
Secondary data
from DC to final client
market for transport, freight, lorry, unspecified
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Default scenarios – from DC to final client
Use (from retail to final client)
Trans­port­ation
Value
Unit
Share
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Comments
Walking/​Bike
5
km
33%
Plastic LCA method
Secondary data
-
none
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Default scenarios – from retail to final client
Car
5
km
62%
Plastic LCA method
Secondary data
RER
market for transport, passenger car
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Default scenarios – from retail to final client (allocation of 27 litre to 0.6 m3 trunk)
Round trip, by van
5
km
5%
Plastic LCA method
Secondary data
RER
market for transport, freight, lorry 3.5-7.5,metric ton, EURO3
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Default scenarios – from retail to final client
Transport EoL
Trans­portation method
Distan­ce
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
municipal waste collection service
30
km
assumed from other datasets
Secondary data
RoW
municipal waste collection service by 21 metric ton lorry
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Recycling
Process
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Plastic recycling
30,93%
%
Waste management statistics
Secondary data
Europe w/o CH
polyethylene production, high density, granulate, recycled
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Credit material
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
LDPE
calcula­ted in model
 
ecoinvent dataset
Secondary data
Europe (RER)
polyethylene, low density, granulate
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Incineration
Process
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Incineration 
69,08%
%
Waste management statistics
Secondary data
CH
treatment of waste polyethylene, municipal incineration with fly ash extraction
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
 Credit energy 
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Electricity credit
0,632
kWh
IEA
Secondary data
Nordics
Electricity mix Nordics
Mix developed in project
Heat credit
13,966
Mj
IEA
Secondary data
Nordics
Heat mix Nordics
Mix developed in project

CS2 - Single use e-commerce paper bag

Production
Raw materials
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Comments
Paper bag
65
g (net weight)
Scope of project
 
Europe (RER)
paper sack production (RER)
dataset includes LDPE and HDPE plastic liners, and different kind of glues, also used as cement sack, pet food sack or paper bag
Distribution from factory to retail/ distribution centre (DC) and from DC to final client
same as CS1
Use (from retail to final client)
same as CS1
Transport EoL
same as CS1
Recycling
Process
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Paper recycling
80,78%
%
Waste management statistics
Secondary data
Europe (RER)
treatment of waste paper to pulp, wet lap, totally chlorine free bleached
Credit material
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Pulp
calculated in model
 
ecoinvent dataset
Secondary data
RoW
chemi-thermomechanical pulp production
Incineration
Process
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Incineration 
19,23%
%
Waste management statistics
 
CH
treatment of waste paperboard, municipal incineration with fly ash extraction
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
 Credit energy 
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Electricity credit
0,233
kWh
IEA
Secondary data
Nordics
Electricity mix Nordics
Mix developed in project
Heat credit
5,151
MJ
IEA
Secondary data
Nordics
Heat mix Nordics
Mix developed in project

CS3 - Reusable e-commerce bag

Production
Raw materials
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographi­cal cover­age
Dataset (Ev)
Source
Comments
Polypropylene
108
g (net weight)
Based on RePack data
Primary
Europe (RER) 
polypropylene production, granulate
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Net weight
Velcro
10
g (net weight)
Based on RePack data
Primary
Europe (RER) 
nylon 6 (RER, market for nylon 6)
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Net weight
Process
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographi­cal cover­age
Dataset
Source
 
Extrusion
calculated in model
 
 
 
RER
extrusion, plastic film
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
 
Weaving
calculated in model
GLO
weaving of synthetic fibre, for industrial use
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
 
Weaving
calculated in model
 
 
 
GLO
market group for electricity, medium voltage
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
dataset regionalised with respectve electricity
Distribution from factory to retail/​distribution centre (DC) and from DC to final client
same as CS1
Use
Washing
Input
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Comments
Professio­nal washing
Natusol
0,002
kg
personal communi­cation 
primary data
Nordic
white spirit production
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Repack: There are 3 types of returned bags, the clean ones, the dirty ones and the discarded ones. Only 67.7% of the returned bags are ditty and need to be cleaned; we use industrial grade dishwashing (Natusol) to clean them
Electricity
none
personal communi­cation 
primary data
Nordic
Water
none
personal communi­cation 
primary data
Nordic
Trans­port­ation
Value
Unit
Share
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Comments
Walking/​Bike
5*2=10
km
33%
Plastic LCA method
Secon­dary data
-
none
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Default scenarios – from retail to final client
Car
5*2=10
km
62%
Plastic LCA method
Secon­dary data
RER
market for transport, passenger car
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Default scenarios – from retail to final client (allocation of 27 litre to 0.6 m3 trunk)
Round trip, by van
5*2=10
km
5%
Plastic LCA method
Secon­dary data
RER
market for transport, freight, lorry 3.5-7.5,metric ton, EURO3
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Default scenarios – from retail to final client
Transport EoL
same as CS1
Recycling
Process
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Plastic recycling
30,93%
%
ecoinvent dataset
Secondary data
Europe (RER)
polyethylene production, high density, granulate, recycled
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Credit material
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Virgin PP
calcula­ted in model
 
ecoinvent dataset
Secondary data
Europe (RER)
polypropylene production, granulate
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Nylon
calcula­ted in model
 
ecoinvent dataset
Secondary data
Europe (RER)
nylon 6 (RER, market for nylon 6)
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Incineration
Process
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Incineration PP
69,08%
%
ecoinvent dataset
Secondary data
CH
treatment of waste polypropylene, municipal incineration with fly ash extraction
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
Incineration Velcro
69,08%
%
ecoinvent dataset
Secondary data
CH
treatment of waste plastic, mixture, municipal incineration with fly ash extraction
Ecoinvent 3.9.1 Cutoff
 Credit energy 
Value
Unit
Source
Type of data
Geographical coverage
Dataset
Source
Electricity credit
0,478
kWh
IEA
Secondary data
Nordics
Electricity mix Nordics
Mix developed in project
Heat credit
10,577
MJ
IEA
Secondary data
Nordics
Heat mix Nordics
Mix developed in project
Nordic Council of Ministers I www.norden.org/publications I pub@norden.org