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Appendix 1: Key energy features in the Nordics

Table A 1. Key features of Nordic countries regarding final energy consumption, proportion of renewable energy, national energy composition, electricity generation sources, electricity percentage distribution in final energy use, and electricity costs, as of December 2024
International Energy Agency (IEA), “Energy system of Europe.” Accessed: Mar. 19, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/regions/europe
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Denmark
Finland
Iceland
Norway
Sweden
Faroe Islands
Final energy consumption, largest sectors
29% Residential
31% Transport
18% Industry
15% Commercial and public services
41% Industry
21% Residential
16% Transport
12% Commercial and public services
43% Industry
16% Residential
16% Commercial and public services
11% Transport
30% Industry
24% Transport
18% Residential
14% Commercial and public services
36% Industry
23% Residential
21% Transport
14% Commercial and public services
NA
Renewables, share in final energy consumption
40%
50%
82%
61%
58%
NA
Energy mix, largest sources (total energy supply)
37% Oil
35% Biofuels and waste
31% Biofuels and waste
28% Nuclear
70% Wind, solar, etc.
20% Hydro
43% Hydro
25% Oil
29% Biofuels and waste
27% Nuclear
NA
Residential energy use, largest sources
 
43% Heat
22% Electricity
18% Biofuels and waste
39% Electricity
32% Heat
24% Biofuels and waste
81% Heat
16% Electricity
81% Electricity
15% Biofuels and waste
49% Electricity
36% Heat
NA
Services energy use, largest sources
44% Electricity
39% Heat
51% Electricity
36% Heat
61% Heat
38% Electricity
 
77% Electricity
11% Heat
63% Electricity
29% Heat
NA
Industrial energy use, largest sources
33% Electricity
26% Natural gas
25% Oil
38% Biofuels and waste
30% Electricity
 
98% Electricity
 
65% Electricity
14% Oil
43% Biofuels and waste
35% Electricity
 
NA
Electricity generation, largest sources
 
58% Wind
16% Biofuels
 
42% Nuclear
19% Hydro
 
70% Hydro
30% Geothermal
 
89% Hydro
9% Wind
 
40% Hydro
29% Nuclear
 
NA