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NORDIC ENERGY RESEARCH
Impact assessment of emergency market intervention measures to tackle high energy prices
– with a focus on the Nordic wholesale market
CONTENTS
ABOUT THIS PUBLICATION
PDF
Preface
Acknowledgements
Executive Summary
1. Introduction
1.1. Organization of the report
1.2. Methods
1.3. Background: High prices in late summer and early autumn of 2022
2. Implementation of emergency measures in the Nordic countries
2.1. Measure 1: Reduction in electricity consumption
2.2. Measure 2: Cap on market revenues
2.3. Measure 3: Solidarity contribution from the fossil fuel sector
3. Impacts of the revenue cap
3.1. Short-term impacts of revenue cap: Incentives to produce
3.2. Long-term impacts of revenue cap: Incentives to invest
3.3. Impacts of the temporary tax on profits in Finland
3.4. Impacts on competitiveness between countries
3.5. Concluding remarks about the revenue cap and the profit tax
4. Effects of demand reduction measures
4.1. Electricity consumption in winter 2022–2023
4.2. Electricity consumption in Sweden
4.3. Electricity consumption in Finland
4.4. Electricity consumption in Denmark
5. Effects of the fossil fuel solidarity contribution
6. Conclusions
6.1. Measures to reduce electricity demand
6.2. Revenue cap and profit tax
6.3. Solidarity contribution from fossil fuel sector