Scrubber water literature data X ± 95% CI (µg/L; n= no of samples) | Scrubber water, vessel 1, present study (µg/L; n=1) | Scrubber water, vessel 2, present study (µg/L; n=1) | |
Naphthalene | 2.76 ± 0.75 (n=55) | 27.3 | 8.03 |
Acenaphthylene | 0.13 ± 0.07 (n=63) | 0.96 | 0.50 |
Acenaphthene | 0.19 ± 0.07 (n=63) | 2.72 | 0.35 |
Fluorene | 0.46 ± 0.10 (n=63) | 7.51 | 1.27 |
Phenanthrene | 1.51 ± 0.30 (n=64) | 24.7 | 5.53 |
Anthracene | 0.08 ± 0.05 (n=63) | 0.62 | ND |
Fluoranthene | 0.16 ± 0.05 (n=63) | 0.61 | 0.24 |
Pyrene | 0.32 ± 0.12 (n=63) | 1.73 | 0.94 |
Benzo[a]anthracene | 0.13 ± 0.06 (n=64) | 0.29 | 0.10 |
Chrysene | 0.19 ± 0.07 (n=63) | 1.01 | 0.63 |
Benzo[b]fluoranthene | 0.04 ± 0.02 (n=63) | 0.13 | 0.05 |
Benzo[k]fluoranthene | 0.01 ± 0.01 (n=49) | 0.03 | ND |
Benzo[a]pyrene | 0.05 ± 0.02 (n=64) | 0.08 | 0.02 |
Dibenzo[a,h]pyrene | 0.03 ± 0.02 (n=63) | 0.02 | ND |
Benzo[g,h,i]perylene | 0.02 ± 0.01 (n=63) | 0.11 | 0.15 |
Indeno [1,2,3-c,d]pyrene | 0.07 ± 0.06 (n=63) | 0.01 | ND |
Benzo[e]pyrene | Not analysed | 0.19 | 0.16 |
Perylene | Not analysed | 0.06 | 0.03 |
SUM PAH | 2.97± 0.79 (n=35)* | 68.1 | 18.0 |
Scrubber water, vessel 1 (µg/L) | Scrubber water, vessel 2 (µg/L) | |
Naphthalene | 27.3 | 8.03 |
C1-naphthalenes | 160 | 11.0 |
C2-naphthalenes | 154 | 8.96 |
C3-naphthalenes | 121 | 5.22 |
C4-naphthalenes | 99.0 | 3.58 |
Sum alkylated naphthalenes | 534 | 28.8 |
Fluorene | 7.51 | 1.27 |
C1-fluorenes | 24.4 | 2.32 |
C2-fluorenes | 38.3 | 2.98 |
C3-fluorenes | 34.1 | 2.65 |
Sum alkylated fluorenes | 96.8 | 7.95 |
Phenanthrene + anthracene | 25.3 | 5.53* |
C1-phenanthrenes/anthracenes | 50.4 | 7.93 |
C2-phenanthrenes/anthracenes | 46.4 | 8.19 |
C3-phenanthrenes/anthracenes | 20.5 | 6.98 |
C4-phenanthrenes/anthracenes | 5.20 | 2.63 |
Sum alkylated phenanthrenes/anthracenes | 122 | 25.7 |
Fluoranthene + pyrene | 2.33 | 1.18 |
C1-fluoranthenes/pyrenes | 4.21 | 2.77 |
C2-fluoranthenes/pyrenes | 4.06 | 4.13 |
Sum alkylated fluoranthenes/pyrenes | 8.23 | 6.90 |
Chrysene | 1.01 | 0.63 |
C1-chrysenes | 2.78 | 1.47 |
C2-chrysenes | 4.08 | 1.54 |
C3-chrysenes | 1.89 | 0.71 |
Sum alkylated chrysenes | 8.75 | 3.72 |
SUM ALKYLATED PAH | 770 | 73.1 |
Scrubber water, Vessel 1 (µg/L) | Scrubber water, Vessel 2 (µg/L) | |
Dibenzothiophene | 2.58 | 1.57 |
C1-dibenzothiophenes | 6.25 | 2.89 |
C2-dibenzothiophenes | 9.54 | 4.30 |
C3-dibenzothiophenes | 11.0 | 5.95 |
Sum alkylated dibenzothiophenes | 26.8 | 13.1 |
C1-benzothiophenes | 2.39 | 2.44 |
C2-benzothiophenes | 2.48 | 2.28 |
C3-benzothiophenes | 10.6 | 1.34 |
C4-benzothiophenes | 6.93 | 0.54 |
Sum alkylated benzothiophenes | 22.4 | 6.61 |
Carbazole | 0.12 | 0.10 |
C1-carbazoles | 2.89 | 2.34 |
C2-carbarzoles | 1.01 | 0.76 |
C3-carbazoles | 0.56 | 0.40 |
C4-carbazoles | 0.40 | 0.35 |
Sum alkylated carbazoles | 4.98 | 3.85 |
Dibenzofuran | 13.7 | 6.83 |
2-methyldibenzofuran | 9.04 | 2.88 |
Scrubber water, vessel 1 (µg/L) | Scrubber water, vessel 2 (µg/L) | |
∑Unsubstituted PAH | 68.1 | 18.0 |
∑Alkylated PAHs | 770 | 73.1 |
∑Unsubstituted + alkylated PAH | 838 | 91.1 |
∑Unsubstituted S-heterocyclic PAC | 2.58 | 1.57 |
∑Alkylated S-heterocyclic PAC | 49.1 | 19.7 |
∑Unsubstituted + alkylated S-heterocyclic PAC | 51.7 | 21.3 |
∑Unsubstituted N-heterocyclic PAC | 0.12 | 0.10 |
∑Alkylated N-heterocyclic PAC | 4.98 | 3.85 |
∑Unsubstituted + alkylated N-heterocyclic PAC | 5.10 | 3.95 |
∑Unsubstituted O-heterocyclic PAC | 13.7 | 6.83 |
∑Alkylated O-heterocyclic PAC | 9.04 | 2.88 |
∑Unsubstituted + alkylated O-heterocyclic PAC | 22.7 | 9.71 |
Petrogenic sources (e.g., non-combusted heavy fuel oil) | Pyrogenic sources (e.g., combusted heavy fuel oil) |
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