Go to content

11. References

Benton, T. G., Bieg, C., Harwatt, H., Pudasaini, R., & Wellesley, L. (2021). Food system impacts on biodiversity loss. Three levers for food system transformation in support of nature. Chatham House, London. Retrieved from https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/2021-02/2021-02-03-food-system-biodiversity-loss-benton-et-al_0.pdf
Campbell, B. M., Beare, D. J., Bennett, E. M., Hall-Spencer, J. M., Ingram, J. S. I., Jaramillo, F., Ortiz, R., Ramankutty, N., Sayer, J. A. and Shindell, D. (2017). ‘Agriculture production as a major driver of the Earth system exceeding planetary boundaries’, Ecology and Society, 22(4), doi: 10.5751/ES-09595-220408 Retrieved from https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol22/iss4/art8/
CBD (2019). Mainstreaming Biodiversity in Development Cooperation. Retrieved from https://www.cbd.int/development/about/mainstreaming.shtml
CBD (Convention On Biological Diversity) (1992). Article 2. Use of Terms. Retrieved from: https://www.cbd.int/convention/articles/?a=cbd-02
CBD (Convention On Biological Diversity) (2022A). 15/4. Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Retrieved from https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/cop-15/cop-15-dec-04-en.pdf
CBD (Convention On Biological Diversity) (2022B). 15/5. Monitoring framework for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Retrieved from https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/cop-15/cop-15-dec-05-en.pdf
CBD (Convention On Biological Diversity) (2022C). 15/7. Resource mobilization. Retrieved from: https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/cop-15/cop-15-dec-07-en.pdf
CBD (Convention On Biological Diversity) (2022D). 15/6. Mechanisms for planning, monitoring, reporting and review. Retrieved from https://www.cbd.int/doc/decisions/cop-15/cop-15-dec-06-en.pdf
CBD (Convention On Biological Diversity) (n.d.). Biodiversity for sustainable development. Retrieved, May 19, 2023, from https://www.cbd.int/development/about/mainstreaming.shtml
CDSB (Climate Disclosure Standards Board). (2021). Application Guidance for Biodiversity-related Disclosures. Retrieved from https://www.cdsb.net/sites/default/files/biodiversity-application-guidance-single.pdf
Cross Sector Biodiversity Initiative (2015) Mitigation Hierarchy Guide. Retrieved from http://www.csbi.org.uk/our-work/mitigation-hierarchy-guide/
Dasgupta, P. (2021). The Economics of Biodiversity: The Dasgupta Review.
Deutz, A., Heal, G. M., Niu, R., Swanson, E., Townshend, T., Zhu, L., Delmar, A., Meghji, A., Sethi, S. A., and Tobin-de la Puente, J. 2020. Financing Nature: Closing the global biodiversity financing gap. The Paulson Institute, The Nature Conservancy, and the Cornell Atkinson Centre for Sustainability.
EFRAG (2023) Sustainability Reporting Standards Roadmap. Retrieved from https://www.efrag.org/Activities/2010051123028442/Sustainability-reporting-standards-roadmap
EU (2020A) Regulation (EU) 2020/852 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2020 on the establishment of a framework to facilitate sustainable investment, and amending Regulation (EU) 2019/2088. OJ L 198, 22.6.2020. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32020R0852
EU (2020B). REGULATION (EU) 2019/2088 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 November 2019 on sustainability‐related disclosures in the financial services sector. OJ L 317 9.12.2019. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02019R2088-20200712
EU (2021A). Overview of sustainable finance. Retrieved from https://finance.ec.europa.eu/sustainable-finance/overview-sustainable-finance_en
EU (2021C). COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) 2021/2139 of 4 June 2021 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2020/852 of the European Parliament and of the Council by establishing the technical screening criteria for determining the conditions under which an economic activity qualifies as contributing substantially to climate change mitigation or climate change adaptation and for determining whether that economic activity causes no significant harm to any of the other environmental objectives. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32021R2139
EU (2022A) 2022/2464 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 amending Regulation (EU) No 537/2014, Directive 2004/109/EC, Directive 2006/43/EC and Directive 2013/34/EU, as regards corporate sustainability reporting. OJ L 322, 16.12.2022. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32022L2464
EU (2022B). Corrigendum to Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/1288 of 6 April 2022 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to regulatory technical standards specifying the details of the content and presentation of the information in relation to the principle of ‘do no significant harm’, specifying the content, methodologies and presentation of information in relation to sustainability indicators and adverse sustainability impacts, and the content and presentation of the information in relation to the promotion of environmental or social characteristics and sustainable investment objectives in pre-contractual documents, on websites and in periodic reports. OJ L 332, 27.12.2022, p. 1–74. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32022R1288R(01)
European Commission (2021). Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on European green bonds. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:e77212e8-df07-11eb-895a-01aa75ed71a1.0001.02/DOC_1&format=PDF
Global Footprint Network. (n.d.). Glossary. Retrieved, May 19, 2023, Retrieved from https://www.footprintnetwork.org/resources/glossary/?_ga=2.44744932.1967172571.1684488554-1959946743.1684488554
IBAT (2023). Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool. Retrieved from https://www.ibat-alliance.org/
IUCN Red List (2023). The IUCN Red List of threatened species. Retrieved from https://www.iucnredlist.org/
International Finance Corporation (2012) Performance Standard 6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/en/insights-reports/2012/ifc-performance-standard-6
International Finance Corporation (2023) Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/Topics_Ext_Content/IFC_External_Corporate_Site/Sustainability-At-IFC/Policies-Standards/EHS-Guidelines
IPBES (2019). Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. S. Díaz, J. Settele, E. S. Brondízio E.S., H. T. Ngo, M. Guèze, J. Agard, A. Arneth, P. Balvanera, K. A. Brauman, S. H. M. Butchart, K. M. A. Chan, L. A. Garibaldi, K. Ichii, J. Liu, S. M. Subramanian, G. F. Midgley, P. Miloslavich, Z. Molnár, D. Obura, A. Pfaff, S. Polasky, A. Purvis, J. Razzaque, B. Reyers, R. Roy Chowdhury, Y. J. Shin, I. J. Visseren-Hamakers, K. J. Willis, and C. N. Zayas (eds.). IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany.
IPBES (n.d.). Biodiversity loss. Retrieved May 19, 2023, from: https://www.ipbes.net/glossary-tag/biodiversity-loss
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005). Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis report. ISBN:
MISTRA (2022). 100 MSEK till forskning om biologisk mångfald och det finansiella systemet. Retrieved from https://mistra.org/nyheter/b100-msek-till-forskning-om-biologisk-mangfald-och-det-finansiella-systemet/
MISTRA FinBio (2023). Research for a nature-positive economy. Retrieved from https://finbio.org/
Natural Capital Coalition. (2016). Natural Capital Protocol. Retrieved from: www.naturalcapitalcoalition.org/protocol
NDF (2021A). Financing agreement Kigali Flood Control and Integrated Urban Catchment Management under Second Rwanda Urban Development Project (RUDP II) between the Republic of Rwanda and Nordic Development Fund. Retrieved from https://www.ndf.int/media/publications/kigali-flood-control-ndf-c118_c119-financing-agreement-signed-14052021.pdf
NDF (2021B). Results Management Framework (RMF) Policy. Retrieved from https://www.ndf.int/media/publications/ndf-results-management-framework-policy_final-181021.pdf
NDF (2021C) Environmental and Social Policy. Retrieved from https://www.ndf.int/media/publications/ndf-environmental-and-social-policy.pdf
NDF (2021D) Results Management Framework (RMF) Indicator technical Notes. Version 1.0/2021.
NDF (2023A). NDF Annual Financial Report 2022. Retrieved from https://www.ndf.int/media/ndfs-2022-annual-financial-report.pdf
NDF (2023B). Catching resilience on the Caribbean coast. Retrieved from https://www.ndf.int/newsroom/catching-resilience-on-the-caribbean-coast.html
NDF (2023C). Resilience of the Blue Economy and the Coastal Ecosystem in Northern Honduras – MIPESCA [NDF C61]. Retrieved from https://www.ndf.int/what-we-finance/projects/project-database/resilience-of-the-blue-economy-and-the-coastal-ecosystem-in-northern-honduras-e2-80-94mipesca-ndf-c61.html
Nefco (2019). Nefco and NIB cooperation contributes to the green transition in Eastern Europe. Retrieved from https://www.nefco.int/news/nefco-and-nib-cooperation-contributes-to-the-green-transition-in-eastern-europe/
Nefco (2021A) Nefco Strategy 2021-2025 Ready to risk for green. Retrieved from https://www.nefco.int/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Nefco-Strategy-2021-25.pdf
Nefco (2021B) Annual Environmental & Sustainability Report. Retrieved from https://www.nefco.int/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Annual-report-2021-Environmental-and-Sustainability.pdf
Nefco (2022A). Environmental and Sustainability Policy. Retrieved from https://www.nefco.int/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Environmental-and-Sustainability-Policy-20220318.pdf
Nefco (2022B). Environmental and Sustainability Guidelines. Retrieved from https://www.nefco.int/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Environmental-and-Sustainability-Guidelines-20220502.pdf
Nefco (2023A). Controlled drainage helps reduce nutrient losses in the Baltic Sea. Retrieved from https://www.nefco.int/case-studies/controlled-drainage-helps-reduce-nutrient-losses-in-the-baltic-sea/
Nefco (2023B).  Nefco’s Annual Impact Report 2022 Retrieved from https://www.nefco.int/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/annual-impact-report-2022.pdf
Nefco (2023D). Four companies selected for pioneering biodiversity programme for SMEs. Retrieved from https://www.nefco.int/news/biodiversity-pilot-programme-companies/
NIB (2018). Mission, Strategy and Values of the Nordic Investment Bank. Retrieved from https://www.nib.int/files/c844c307b65144e37ad8187504bf45b592e0f12c/3360-mission-and-strategy.pdf
NIB (2022C). Protecting old-growth forest as an environmental investment. Retrieved from https://www.nib.int/cases/protecting-old-growth-forests-as-an-environmental-investment
NIB (2023B). Responsible investments. Retrieved from https://www.nib.int/investors/liquidity-management
OECD (2021). Biodiversity, Natural Capital and the Economy: A Policy Guide for Finance, Economic and Environment Ministers. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/environment/resources/Executive-Summary-ENV-Policy-Paper-no-26-Biodiversity-Natural-Capital-and-the-Economy.pdf
Steffen, W., Richardson, K., Rockström, J., Cornell, S. E., Fetzer, I., Bennett, E. M., ... & Sörlin, S. (2015). Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet. Science, 347(6223), 1259855.
TNFD (2022). The TNFD Nature-related Risk and Opportunity and Disclosure Framework beta v0.3. Retrieved from https://framework.tnfd.global  
UNEP FI (2022). 150 financial institutions, managing more than $24 trillion, call on world leaders to adopt ambitious Global Biodiversity Framework at COP15. Retrieved from https://www.unepfi.org/themes/ecosystems/cop15statement/                   
United Nations Environment Programme (2022). State of Finance for Nature. Time to act:
Doubling investment by 2025 and eliminating nature-negative finance flows. Nairobi. https://
wedocs.unep.org/20.500.11822/41333
WWF & The Biodiversity Consultancy 2021. Public development banks and biodiversity: How Development Finance Institutions can align with the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework. Full Report, WWF France. Retrieved from https://www.wwf.fr/sites/default/files/doc-2021-06/20210621_Report_Public-development-banks-and-biodiversity_WWF-The-Biodiversity-Consultancy-min.pdf
Nordic Council of Ministers I www.norden.org/publications I pub@norden.org