3 Legislation, voluntary initiatives, and standards

• The ecodesign framework Directive and the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR)
• Critical Raw Materials ACT (CRMA)
• The current ecodesign regulation for servers and data storage products
• Energy Efficiency Directive (EED)
• The ecodesign and energy labelling regulations for smartphones and tablets as examples of regulations with extended material efficiency requirements
• Product specific legislation: Batteries.

• The EU GPP criteria (Green Public Procurement criteria) for servers, data storage and network equipment
• Taxonomy (Mandatory for some companies)
• EU Code of Conduct on Data Centre Energy efficiency
• Data Centers (DE-UZ 228) – Blue Angel
• Climate Neutral Data Centre Pact.

• EU material efficiency standards
• EN standards in the EN 303 800 series
• ITU standards especially relevant for servers and data storage products
• Data sanitation standards
• Development of standards to support 2019/424 (Mandates)
• Development of standards regarding Plastics recycling, and recycled plastics. Plastic (M/584).

3.1 Legislation

3.1.1 The Ecodesign Directive and the Ecodesign for Sustainable Product Regulation (ESPR)

• product durability, reusability, upgradability and reparability
• presence of substances that inhibit circularity
• energy and resource efficiency
• recycled content
• remanufacturing and recycling
• carbon and environmental footprints
• information requirements, including a Digital Product Passport.

3.1.2 Critical Raw Materials Act

• to strengthen the different stages of the European critical raw materials value chain
• to diversify the EU's imports of critical raw materials to reduce strategic dependencies
• to improve the EU capacity to monitor and mitigate current and future risks of disruptions to the supply of critical raw materials
• to ensure the free movement of critical raw materials on the single market while ensuring a high level of environmental protection, by improving their circularity and sustainability.

1. strengthen the different stages of the strategic raw materials value chain with a view to ensure that, by 2030, Union capacities for each strategic raw material have significantly increased so that, overall, Union capacity approaches reaches the following benchmarks:
   1. Union extraction capacity is able to extract the ores, minerals or concentrates needed to produce at least 10% of the Union's annual consumption of strategic raw materials, to the extent that the Union’s reserves allow for this
   2. Union processing capacity, including for all intermediate processing steps, is able to produce at least 40% of the Union's annual consumption of strategic raw materials
   3. Union recycling capacity, including for all intermediate recycling steps, is able to produce at least 25%

      This is changed in the final act (from 15% in the proposal)

      of the Union's annual consumption of strategic raw materials. Additionally, the Union should be able to recycle significantly increasing amounts of each strategic raw material in waste.
2. diversify the Union's imports of strategic raw materials with a view to ensure that, by 2030, the Union's annual consumption of each strategic raw material at any relevant stage of processing can rely on imports from several third countries, none of which provide more than 65% of the Union's annual consumption
3. improve the Union's ability to monitor and mitigate the supply risk related to critical raw materials
4. ensure the free movement of critical raw materials and products containing critical raw materials placed on the Union market while ensuring a high level of environmental protection, by improving their circularity and sustainability.

• sets out lists of strategic critical raw materials, to be reviewed at least every three years

  This is changed in the final act (from four in the proposal)

  . The lists and the methods to be used appear from Annex I (strategic raw materials) and Annex II (critical raw materials) of the Regulation.
• sets out a framework to strengthen the EU’s strategic raw materials value chain by selecting and implementing Strategic Projects, that will be eligible for streamlined permitting processes and facilitated access to financing opportunities, which will be also improved by better coordination (Chapter III of regulation)
• develops a mechanism for coordinated monitoring of critical raw materials supply chains and provides measures to mitigate supply risks. It sets out a framework for systematically monitoring critical raw materials supply risks at different stages of the value chains. It also sets out a framework for risk mitigation by coordinating strategic stocks for strategic raw materials, by requiring large importers and manufacturers to regularly audit their supply chains and facilitating the joint purchases of strategic raw materials (Chapter IV of Regulation).
• contains provisions for developing the circularity of critical raw materials markets and lowering the environmental footprint of critical raw materials (Chapter V of Regulation). This includes:
  • setting rules for Member States to adopt and implement measures on circularity, in particular with regard to waste streams with high critical raw materials recovery potential
  • setting rules for Member States and extractive waste operators to assess the potential to recover critical raw materials from extractive waste sites.
  • requiring of information on the type and composition of permanent magnets incorporated in products as well as on their recycled CRM content.
  • provides, following a dedicated assessment, for the introduction of minimum recycled content thresholds
  • setting out rules for the recognition by the Commission of certification schemes related to the sustainability of critical raw materials.
  • provisions regarding the declaration of the environmental footprint or critical raw materials placed on the EU market
  • rules on free movement, conformity and market surveillance related to products incorporating permanent magnets and CRMs for which the environmental footprint has to be declared.
• provides a framework for cooperation on Strategic Partnerships with third countries related to raw materials and to achieve greater synergies between Strategic Partnerships and Member States’ cooperation with relevant third countries (Chapter VI of the Regulation).
• sets up a European Critical Raw Materials Board, composed of high-level representatives from the Member States and the Commission, which will chair the Board. The Board will provide advice to the Commission and assist with coordination, cooperation and information exchange to support the implementation of this Regulation. (Chapter VII of the Regulation).

3.1.3 Ecodesign regulation for servers and data storage products

Disassemble for repair and reuse

• data storage devices (including HDDs and SSDs)
• memory
• processor (CPU

  A typical CPU is a physical package to be installed on the server motherboard via a socket or direct solder attachment. The CPU package may include one or more processor cores.

  )
• motherboard (main circuit board of the server)

  For the of the regulation, the motherboard includes connectors for attaching additional boards and typically includes the following components: processor, memory, BIOS (Basic Input/output system), and expansion slots.
• expansion card/​graphic card
• PSU (power supply)
• chassis
• batteries.

Secure data deletion

Availability of firmware and security updates

Information regarding security updates

• information on the secure data deletion functionality, including instructions on how to use the functionality, the techniques used and the supported secure data deletion standard(s)

Information regarding content of CRMs

• indicative weight range (less than 5 g, between 5 g and 25 g, above 25 g) at component level, of the following critical raw materials:
  • Cobalt in the batteries
  • Neodymium in the HDDs

Instructions on disassembly operations

• instructions on the disassembly operations for the components mentioned, including, for each necessary operation and component:
  • the type of operation
  • the type and number of fastening technique(s) to be unlocked
  • the tool(s) required.

• Information to be provided by manufacturers: declared operating condition class; it shall also be indicated that ‘This product has been tested to verify that it will function within the boundaries (such as temperature and humidity) of the declared operating condition class’.

Review clause

3.1.4 Energy Efficiency Directive (EED)

1. the name of the data centre, the name of the owner and operators of the data centre, the date on which the data centre started its operations and the municipality where the data centre is based
2. the floor area of the data centre, the installed power, the annual incoming and outgoing data traffic, and the amount of data stored and processed within the data centre
3. the performance, during the last full calendar year, of the data centre in accordance with key performance indicators about, inter alia, energy consumption, power utilization, temperature set points, waste heat utilization, water usage and use of renewable energy, using as a basis, where applicable, the CEN/​CENELEC EN 50600-4 ‘Information technology – Data centre facilities and infrastructures’, until the entry into force of the delegated act adopted pursuant to Article 33(3).

3.1.5 Ecodesign regulations for mobile phones, cordless phones, and tablets

• requirement for the availability of spare parts and access to repair and maintenance information
• spare parts shall be available for seven years after the date of end of placement on the market
• information on prices of spare parts (not seen in other regulations so far)
• detailed requirements regarding disassembly regarding fastener types (fasteners shall be removable, reusable or resupplied – for batteries resupplied or reusable),
• required tools, working environment and skills) and for preparation for reuse
• requirements for replacement of serial parts (not seen before in ecodesign regulations)
• detailed and new types of requirements regarding design for reliability (including requirements regarding drop resistance, scratch resistance, protection from dust and water ingress, reliability of buttons and switches, battery endurance, battery management, and operating system updates
• marking of plastic components
• recyclability requirements (access to dismantling information, including the sequence of dismantling steps, tools or technologies needed to access the targeted components).
• requirement for information in technical documentation and on free-access website of the manufacturer including:
• compatibility with removable memory cards, if applicable
• information regarding content (indicative weight range) of critical raw materials and environmentally relevant materials
• recyclability rate
• the percentage of recycled content for the product or a part thereof, where available.

• how to access, via the device, information about the battery management system
• instructions for optimal battery maintenance
• where the package does not include a charger, the following information “For environmental reasons this package does not include a charger. This device can be powered with most USB power adapters and a cable with USB Type-C plug.”

• that data encryption is enabled by default in the course of configuring a new device, including an explanation that this facilitates data erasure through factory reset
• If wireless charging is selected, a message notifying the user that wireless charging will likely increase the energy consumed the charging of the battery.

Disassembly requirements

• fasteners shall be removable, reusable or resupplied
• the process for replacement shall be feasible in at least one of the following ways:
  • with no tool, with a tool or a set of tools that is supplied with the product or spare part, or with basic tools
  • with commercially available tools.
• the process for replacement shall, as a minimum, be able to be carried out in a workshop environment
• the process for replacement shall, as a minimum, be able to be carried out by a generalist.

• fasteners shall be removable, reusable or resupplied
• the process for replacement shall be feasible with no tool, with a tool or a set of tools that is supplied with the product or spare part, or with basic tools
• the process for replacement shall be able to be carried out in a use environment
• the process for replacement shall be able to be carried out by a layman.

• fasteners shall be resupplied or reusable
• the process for replacement shall be feasible with no tool, with a tool or a set of tools that is supplied with the product or spare part, or with basic tools
• the process for replacement shall be able to be carried out in a use environment
• the process for replacement shall be able to be carried out by a layman.

• fasteners shall be removable, reusable or resupplied
• the process for replacement shall be feasible in at least one of the following ways:
  • with no tool, with a tool or a set of tools that is supplied with the product or spare part, or with basic tools
  • with commercially available tools.
• the process for replacement shall, as a minimum, be able to be carried out in a workshop environment
• the process for replacement shall, as a minimum, be able to be carried out by a generalist
• the battery endurance in cycles achieves a minimum of 500 full charge cycles, and after 500 full charge cycles the battery must, in addition have, in a fully charged state, a remaining capacity of at least 83% of the rated capacity
• the battery endurance in cycles achieves a minimum of 1000 full charge cycles, and after 1000 full charge cycles the battery must, in addition have, in a fully charged state, a remaining capacity of at least 80% of the rated capacity
• the device is at least dust tight and protected against immersion in water up to one meter depth for a minimum of 30 minutes.

Requirements for preparation for re-use

• encrypt by default, using a random encryption key, the user data stored in the internal storage of the device

• include a software function that resets the device to its factory settings and securely erases by default the encryption key and generates a new one
• record the following data from the battery management system in the system settings or another location accessible to end-users:
  • Date of manufacture of the battery
  • Date of first use of the battery after the set-up of the device by the first user
  • Number of full charge/discharge cycles (reference: rated capacity)
  • Measured State of Health (remaining full charge capacity relative to the rated capacity in %).

Requirements for serialised parts

1. In case the parts to be replaced by spare parts referred to in point 1(a) are serialised parts, provide non-discriminatory access for professional repairers to any software tools, firmware or similar auxiliary means needed to ensure the full functionality of those spare parts and of the device in which such spare parts are installed during and after the replacement
2. In case the parts to be replaced by spare parts referred to in point 1(c) are serialized parts, provide non-discriminatory access for professional repairers and end-users to any software tools, firmware or similar auxiliary means needed to ensure the full functionality of those spare parts and of the device in which such spare parts are installed during and after the replacement
3. Provide, on a free access website of the manufacturer, importer or authorized representative, a description of the procedure for the notification and authorization of the intended replacement of serialized parts by the owner of the device referred to in point (d); the procedure shall allow for remotely providing the notification and authorization
4. Before providing access to the software tools, firmware or similar auxiliary means referred to in points (a) and (b), the manufacturer, importer or authorized representative may only require to have received a notification and authorization of the intended part replacement by the owner of the device. Such notification and authorization may also be provided by a professional repairer with the explicit written consent of the owner
5. Manufacturers, importers or authorized representatives shall provide access to the software tools, firmware or similar auxiliary means referred to in points (a) and (b) within 3 working days after having received the request and, where applicable, the notification and authorization referred to in point (d)
6. The access to the software tools, firmware or similar auxiliary means referred to in point (a) may, as regards professional repairers, be limited to professional repairers registered in accordance with points 2(a) and (b).

Design for reliability

• Drop resistance
• Scratch resistance
• Protection from dust and water ingress (using the IP codes)
• Battery endurance in cycles
• Battery management
• Operating system updates.

Marking of plastic components

• the marking is not possible because of the shape or size
• the marking would impact on the performance or functionality of the plastic components
• marking is technically not possible because of the moulding method.

• packaging, tape, labels and stretch wraps
• wiring, cables and connectors, rubber parts and any other component where not enough appropriate surface area is available for the marking to be of a legible size
• PCB assemblies, PMMA boards, optical components, electrostatic discharge components, electromagnetic interference components, speakers
• transparent parts where the marking would obstruct the function of the part in question.

Information requirements

• indicative weight range of the following CRMs and environmentally relevant materials:
  • Cobalt in the battery (weight range: less than 2 g, between 2 g and 10 g, above 10 g)
  • Tantalum in capacitors (weight range: less than 0,01 g, between 0,01 g and 0,1 g, above 0,1 g)
  • Neodymium in loudspeakers, vibration motors, and other magnets (weight range: less than 0,05 g, between 0,05 g and 0,2 g, above 0,2 g)
  • Gold in all components (weight range: less than 0,02 g, between 0,02 g and 0,05 g, above 0,05 g).

• the indicative value of the recyclability rate R_cyc
• the indicative percentage of recycled content for the product or a part thereof, where available; if not available, the recycled content should be indicated as “not known” or “not available”
• minimum battery endurance in a number of cycles.

• ingress protection rating.

• how to access, via the device, information about the battery management system on:
  • date of manufacture of the battery
  • date of first use of the battery after the set-up of the device by the first user
  • number of full charge/discharge cycles (reference: rated capacity)
  • measured State of Health (remaining full charge capacity relative to the rated capacity in %).
• instructions for battery maintenance, including the following:
  • impacts on battery lifetime related to exposure of the device to elevated temperatures, suboptimal charging patterns, fast charging and other known adverse factors
  • effects of switching off radio connections, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth etc. on device power consumption
  • information about whether the device supports other features which extend battery lifetime, such as smart charging, and about how these features are activated or under which conditions they work best.

Common chargers support

3.1.6 Energy labelling of smartphones and tablets (regulation (EU) 2023/1669)

Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1669 with regard to the energy labelling of smartphones and slate tablets. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32023R1669

• SDD is the ‘Disassembly Depth’ score.
• SF is the ‘Fasteners (type)’ score.
• ST is the ‘Tools (type)’ score.
• SSP is the ‘Spare Parts’ score.
• SSU is the ‘Software Updates (duration)’ score.
• SRI is the ‘Repair Information’ score.

• the disassembly depth count is completed when the target part is separated and individually accessible
• where multiple tools need to be used simultaneously, the use of each tool counts as a separate operation. Operations related to cleaning, removing traces or heating are counted as steps
• where remote notification or authorisation of serial numbers is necessary for the full functionality of the spare part and the device, these actions are counted as additional disassembly steps.

• no tools = 5 pts
• basic tools = 4pts
• a set of tools that is supplied (or offered to be supplied at no additional cost) with the spare part = 3 pts
• a set of tools that is supplied (or offered to be supplied at no additional cost) with the product = 2 pts
• commercially available tools =1pt.

Product information sheet

3.1.7 Product specific legislation: Batteries

3.2 Voluntary initiatives

3.2.1 EU GPP for data centres, server rooms, and cloud services

• Control of hazardous substances (Restricted Substance Controls RSCs) in servers, data storage and network equipment. The RSCs must apply, as a minimum, to the REACH candidate list of substances and Restricted substances and exemptions in the Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (criteria SC2).
• Design for repair and upgrading of servers and data storage (criteria TS 3)
• End-of-life management of servers, data storage and network equipment (criteria TS4)

• data storage devices,
• memory
• processor (CPU)
• motherboard
• expansion cards/graphic cards
• power supply unit (PSU)
• fans
• batteries.

1. the type of operation
2. the type and number of fastening technique(s) to be unlocked
3. the tool(s) required.

• The re-use and recycling of the whole product and/or
• The selective treatment of components in accordance with Annex VII of the WEEE Directive

  The components requiring selective treatment in accordance with Annex VII of the WEEE Directive are mercury containing components and batteries.

  for equipment that has reached the end of its service life
• The recycling of components in order to recover Critical Raw Materials.

• Collection
• Confidential handling and secure data erasure (unless carried out in-house)
• Functional testing, servicing, repair and upgrading to prepare products for re-use
• The remarketing of products for re-use
• Dismantling for component re-use, recycling and/or disposal.

• mercury containing components
• batteries
• printed circuit boards greater than 10
• plastic containing brominated flame retardants, chlorofluorocarbons (CFC), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC) or hydrofluorocarbons (HFC), hydrocarbons (HC)
• external electric cables
• polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) containing capacitors
• components containing refractory ceramic fibres
• electrolyte capacitors containing substances of concern
• equipment containing gases that are ozone depleting or have global warming potential (GWP) above 15
• ozone-depleting gases must be treated in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1005/2009

3.2.1.1 Application of the GPP criteria

Experience of the Danish Agency for Digital Government

• Few public authorities set green requirements in tenders for data storage and processing, and the requirements that are set are very uneven, qualitative, and difficult to measure.
• Many public authorities would like to include green requirements but are worried about making too strict requirements and thereby risk limiting the field of suppliers.

• The GPP criteria are applicable in public tenders, e.g., because the criteria are linked to the subject of the contract and are based on objective criteria and standards, and the majority of the criteria are market compliant.
• The EU GPP criteria documents

  Criteria document and Technical report: https://circabc.europa.eu/ui/group/44278090-3fae-4515-bcc2-44fd57c1d0d1/library/9c925f22-deb3-427c-8a79-384c18c9792b?p=1&n=10&sort=name_ASC

  are difficult to access for both buyers and suppliers and there is currently a low maturity in terms of understanding and applying the underlying standards (how to calculate and document).
• As a result of the ongoing testing and upcoming identical EU reporting requirements according to the revised Energy Efficiency Directive (see section 3.1.4) and the Taxonomy Regulation, a gradual maturation in the market is already visible and it is therefore expected that in 2024 the suppliers will be able to apply the criteria correctly.

Experience of SKI

• Unclear/​inadequate structure makes it very difficult to navigate through the criteria and identify the criteria relevant to the specific procurement.
• Confusing because the primary division/​structure by Selection Criteria, Technical Specification, Award Criteria and Contract Performance Clauses is not helpful for a procurer, who needs to get a quick overview of relevant procurement criteria for their specific procurement as well as an overview of which requirements are related in content and possibly interrelated. Adding to this, the target audience experience an often unnecessarily complex language, with heavy use of technical terms and legal jargon, which deters use of the criteria.
• There is a lack of guidance around the individual criteria, which describes in a pedagogical way (for lay people) the object, purpose, substance and issues of attention of each criteria.

1. Which green criteria can the market meet currently?
2. How much more expensive is it to use a specific green criteria?
3. Which of the criteria makes the biggest green impact?

• Basic criteria (All suppliers can meet the criteria; not more expensive; supports the green agenda)
• Green (Most suppliers can meet the criteria; may be a little more expensive; supports the green agenda)
• Yellow (Few suppliers can meet the criteria; expected to be more expensive; supports the green agenda even more)
• Red (Very few suppliers can meet the criteria, costs may be significant; supports the green agenda a lot).

3.2.2 EU Code of Conduct on Data Centre Energy efficiency

• Consider the embodied environmental impact of installed devices
• Life Cycle Assessment
• Environmental Management
• Training and Development

3.2.3 Taxonomy Regulation

EU Taxonomy Regulation (2020/852/EU) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32020R0852

and delegated act

COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) 2021/2139 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32021R2139

• The activity has implemented all relevant practices listed as ‘expected practices’ in the most recent version of the European Code of Conduct on Data Centre Energy Efficiency, or in CEN-CENELEC document CLC TR50600-99-1 ‘Data centre facilities and infrastructures - Part 99-1: Recommended practices for energy management’. The implementation of those practices should be verified by an independent third-party and audited at least every three years.
• The equipment used meets the requirements laid down in Directive 2009/125/EC for servers and data storage products. Currently this means the requirements in the ecodesign regulation for servers and data storage products (EU) 2019/424.
• The equipment used does not contain the restricted substances listed in Annex II to Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, except where the concentration values by weight in homogeneous materials do not exceed the maximum values listed in that Annex (the RoHS Directive).
• A waste management plan is in place and ensures maximal recycling at end of life of electrical and electronic equipment, including through contractual agreements with recycling partners, reflection in financial projections or official project documentation.
• At its end of life, the equipment undergoes preparation for reuse, recovery or recycling operations, or proper treatment, including the removal of all fluids and a selective treatment in accordance with Annex VII to Directive 2012/19/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (the WEEE Directive).

3.2.4 Data Centers (DE-UZ 228) – Blue Angel

Reuse Management

3.2.5 Climate Neutral Data Centre Pact

• Energy efficiency, using PUE as a metric
• Matching electricity use by purchasing clean energy (clean energy)
• Setting and meeting ambitious targets for water usage effectiveness
• Increasing the quantity of server materials repaired or reused and creating a target percentage for repair and reuse (circular economy)
• Exploring possibilities to interconnect with dis­trict heating systems and other users of heat.

3.3 Standards

3.3.1 EU material efficiency standards

CLC/TR 45550:2020: Definitions related to material efficiency (technical report)

Application

EN 45552:2020: General method for the assessment of the durability of energy-related products

• the operational time for motors (expressed in hours) in the ecodesign regulation for vacuum cleaners.
• the minimum lifetime for hose (still useable after 40000 oscillations under strain) in the ecodesign regulation for vacuum cleaners.

• The lamp survival factor is the fraction of the total number of light sources that continue to operate at a given time under defined conditions and switching frequency (i.e. at least 9 light sources of the test sample of 10 units of the model must be operational after completing the test described in Annex V of the ecodesign regulation for light sources and control gears (EU) 2019/2020.

Application

EN 45553:2020: General method for the assessment of the ability to remanufacture energy-related products

EN 45554:2020: General methods for the assessment of the ability to repair, reuse and upgrade energy-related products

• reused (product or its parts have reached the end of their first life and are used again for the same purpose)
• repaired (process of returning a faulty product to a condition where it can fulfil its intended use)
• upgraded (process of enhancing the functionality, performance, capacity, or aesthetics of the product)

• Determination of the priority parts to be included in the assessment, where a priority part is determined by its likelihood to need replacement or upgrading, its suitability for reuse or the functionality of the part.
• Identification of criteria and appropriate categories relevant for the assessment of all priority parts
• Assignment of a ranking/classification score to each category of relevant criteria for different priority parts and
• Specification of a calculation method to aggregate the results from the three previous steps for each priority part.

• Disassembly depth
• Fasteners and connectors
• Tools
• Working environment
• Skill level.

• Diagnostic support and interface
• Availability of spare part for repair/update
• Types and availability of information
• Return models for repair/upgrade
• Availability of parts for upgrade
• Spare parts availability by duration of availability,
• Availability of data deletion/transfer and to restore to factory setting
• Availability of software and firmware support including updates.

Application

EN 45555:2019: General methods for assessing the recyclability and recoverability of energy-related products

• the design characteristics of the product such as its structure, material composition, size, and mass
• the techniques, combination or sequence of techniques used to recycle or recover a given waste stream.

• The potential presence of CRMs
• Distribution and concentration of CRMs across different parts
• Ability to access and remove parts containing CRMs
• Matters affecting possibilities to recycle CRMs.

Application

EN 45556:2019: General method for assessing the proportion of reused components in energy-related products

• Proportion of reused components calculated based on the mass of the reused components and the total weight of the product (in percentage)
• Proportion of reused component in the product by number calculated based on the number of reused components and the total number of components in the product (in percentage)
• As above but for mass and numbers for a defined period of time.

EN 45557:2020: General method for assessing the proportion of recycled material content in energy-related products

• a description of the scope of the assessment
• a description of the material composition of a single product
• a management system to trace the type of material inputs, for both primary and recycled materials
• performance of a mass balance calculation, linking recycled material content of parts/products to total materials used in parts/products produced.

• all materials
• a type of material, e.g. plastic, metal, glass
• individual material, e.g. polypropylene, aluminum, float glass.

Application

EN 45558:2019: General method to declare the use of critical raw materials in energy-related products

• Critical Raw Material: materials included in the Commission's list of Critical Raw Materials (European Commission, 2017a) and future updates to this.
• Regulated CRM: critical raw material for which a specific regulatory requirement has been set. Regulation could for instance be implemented via measures under the Ecodesign Directive.
• Non-regulated CRM: critical raw material for which no specific regulatory requirements have been set.

• a standardized list of declarable substances with standardized names to avoid misspelling (declarable substances list, DSL)
• a standardized format for declaration to ensure that declarations from different suppliers can easily be understood and exchanged.

• reporting of the name of the substance or substance group
• reporting the amount of the substance or substance group
• reporting the location of the substance in the product, if relevant
• exemptions, if applicable.

• business information
• product information (e.g. product ID, name, category, weight)
• name of the substance or substance group
• amount of the substance or substance group
• Location(s) of the substance in the product
• Threshold for the reporting of the substance or substance group

Application

EN 45559:2019: Methods for providing information relating to material efficiency aspects of energy-related products

Application

Application of material efficiency standard

ETSI EN 303 808 v1.1.1 (2023-01) Applicability of EN 45552 to EN 45559 methods for assessment of material efficiency aspects of ICT network infrastructure goods in the context of circular economy. https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_en/303800_303899/303808/01.01.01_60/en_303808v010101p.pdf

3.2.2 ETSI standards

• the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of ICT goods, networks and services
• methods to assess the energy efficiency of wireless access networks and equipment, core networks and wireline access equipment including Efficiency metrics/KPI definition for equipment and network
• network standby mode for household and office equipment
• circular economy standard for ICT solutions
• Power feeding solutions based on higher DC voltage to reduce losses on the distribution cabling and innovative efficient storage solution.

1. introduction to CE and RE,
2. description of CE as used in the ICT industry,
3. description of existing CE and RE metrics and examples of their use,
4. proposes next steps in CE and RE standardization.

• EN 303 800-2 DEN/EE-EEPS47-2: "Environmental Engineering (EE); Assessment of material efficiency of ICT network infrastructure goods (circular economy); Part 2: server and data storage product secure data deletion functionality".
• ETSI EN 303 800-3 DEN/EE-EEPS47-3: "Environmental Engineering (EE); Assessment of material efficiency of ICT network infrastructure goods (circular economy); Part 3: server and data storage product availability of firmware and of security updates to firmware".

• ETSI EN 303 800-5 DEN/EE-EEPS47-5: "Environmental Engineering (EE); Assessment of material efficiency of ICT network infrastructure goods (circular economy); Part 5: server and data storage product disassembly and disassembly instruction".

3.3.3 ITU standards especially relevant for servers and data storage products

• Recommendation ITU-T L.1100 (2012): Procedure for recycling rare metals in information and communication technology goods,” (ITU, 2012). The standard provides information on the recycling procedures of rare metals in information and communication technology (ICT) goods. It also defines a communication format for providing recycling information of rare metals contained in ICT goods.
• Recommendation ITU-T L.1021 (2018): Extended producer responsibility – Guidelines for sustainable e-waste management (ITU, 2018a). The standard describes the extended producer responsibility (EPR). It expands on the different existing forms of EPR globally, not only in theoretical terms, but also with a practical view on their feasibility, challenges and prerequisites. It presents the definition of the EPR system, in addition to the roles and responsibilities of the different stakeholders and the different types of EPR, as well as how and why they could be used in certain contexts and not in others.
• Recommendation ITU-T L.1022: "Circular Economy: Definitions and concepts for material efficiency for Information and Communication Technology".

3.3.4 Data sanitation standards

3.3.5 Plastics