6 References

Akhdhar, A., Schneider, M., Hellmann, S., Orme, A., Carasek, E., Krupp, E. M., & Feldmann, J. (2021). The use of microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry for fluorine determination and its application to tea infusions. Talanta, 227, 122190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122190

Al Amin, M., Luo, Y., Nolan, A., Robinson, F., Niu, J., Warner, S., Liu, Y., Dharmarajan, R., Mallavarapu, M., Naidu, R., & Fang, C. (2021). Total oxidisable precursor assay towards selective detection of PFAS in AFFF. Journal of Cleaner Production, 328, 129568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129568

Alun, J. (2023). PFAS analytical exchange - TOP Assay Method Comparison.

Aly, N. A., Dodds, J. N., Luo, Y. S., Grimm, F. A., Foster, M., Rusyn, I., & Baker, E. S. (2022). Utilizing ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry for the characterization and detection of persistent organic pollutants and their metabolites. Anal Bioanal Chem, 414(3), 1245-1258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03686-w

Amziane, A., Monteau, F., el djalil Lalaouna, A., Alamir, B., Le Bizec, B., & Dervilly, G. (2022). Optimization and validation of a fast supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitative determination of a large set of PFASs in food matrices and human milk. Journal of Chromatography B, 1210, 123455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123455

Aro, R., Carlsson, P., Vogelsang, C., Kärrman, A., & Yeung, L. W. Y. (2021). Fluorine mass balance analysis of selected environmental samples from Norway. Chemosphere, 283, 131200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131200

Aro, R., Eriksson, U., Kärrman, A., Reber, I., & Yeung, L. W. Y. (2021). Combustion ion chromatography for extractable organofluorine analysis. iScience, 24(9), 102968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102968

Ateia, M., Chiang, D., Cashman, M., & Acheson, C. (2023). Total Oxidizable Precursor (TOP) Assay─Best Practices, Capabilities and Limitations for PFAS Site Investigation and Remediation. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 10(4), 292-301. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00061

Awchi, M., Gebbink, W. A., Berendsen, B. J. A., Benskin, J. P., & van Leeuwen, S. P. J. (2022). Development, validation, and application of a new method for the quantitative determination of monohydrogen-substituted perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (H–PFCAs) in surface water. Chemosphere, 287, 132143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132143

Bai, S., Hu, A., Hu, Y., Ma, Y., Obata, K., & Sugioka, K. (2022). Plasmonic Superstructure Arrays Fabricated by Laser Near-Field Reduction for Wide-Range SERS Analysis of Fluorescent Materials. Nanomaterials, 12(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12060970

Bao, M., Feng, H., Zheng, Y., Luo, H., Sun, C., & Pan, Y. (2023). Determination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonyl Fluoride and Perfluorohexane Sulfonyl Fluoride in Soil by Chemical Derivatization and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol, 57(10), 4180-4186. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c06958

Belova, L., Caballero-Casero, N., van Nuijs, A. L. N., & Covaci, A. (2021). Ion Mobility-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (IM-HRMS) for the Analysis of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs): Database Compilation and Application to Urine Samples. Anal Chem, 93(16), 6428-6436. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00142

Björnsdotter, M. K., Hartz, W. F., Kallenborn, R., Ericson Jogsten, I., Humby, J. D., Kärrman, A., & Yeung, L. W. Y. (2021). Levels and Seasonal Trends of C1–C4 Perfluoroalkyl Acids and the Discovery of Trifluoromethane Sulfonic Acid in Surface Snow in the Arctic. Environmental Science & Technology, 55(23), 15853-15861. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c04776

Bowers, B. B., Lou, Z., Xu, J., De Silva, A. O., Xu, X., Lowry, G. V., & Sullivan, R. C. (2023). Nontarget analysis and fluorine atom balances of transformation products from UV/sulfite degradation of perfluoroalkyl contaminants. Environ Sci Process Impacts, 25(3), 472-483. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2em00425a

Breshears, L. E., Mata-Robles, S., Tang, Y., Baker, J. C., Reynolds, K. A., & Yoon, J. Y. (2023). Rapid, sensitive detection of PFOA with smartphone-based flow rate analysis utilizing competitive molecular interactions during capillary action. J Hazard Mater, 446, 130699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130699

Buck, R. C., Franklin, J., Berger, U., Conder, J. M., Cousins, I. T., de Voogt, P., Jensen, A. A., Kannan, K., Mabury, S. A., & van Leeuwen, S. P. (2011). Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment: terminology, classification, and origins. Integr Environ Assess Manag, 7(4), 513-541. https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.258

Bugsel, B., Bauer, R., Herrmann, F., Maier, M. E., & Zwiener, C. (2022). LC-HRMS screening of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in impregnated paper samples and contaminated soils. Anal Bioanal Chem, 414(3), 1217-1225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03463-9

Cahuas, L., Titaley, I. A., & Field, J. A. (2022). Mass-Labeled Fluorotelomer Alcohol Fragmentation Gives "False Positive" for Nonlabeled Fluorotelomer Alcohols with Implications for Consumer Product Analysis. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom, 33(2), 399-403. https://doi.org/10.1021/jasms.1c00332

Camdzic, D., Dickman, R. A., Joyce, A. S., Wallace, J. S., Ferguson, P. L., & Aga, D. S. (2023). Quantitation of Total PFAS Including Trifluoroacetic Acid with Fluorine Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Analytical Chemistry, 95(13), 5484-5488. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05354

Cao, D., Schwichtenberg, T., Duan, C., Xue, L., Muensterman, D., & Field, J. (2023). Practical Semiquantification Strategy for Estimating Suspect Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Concentrations. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom, 34(5), 939-947. https://doi.org/10.1021/jasms.3c00019

Casey, J. S., Jackson, S. R., Ryan, J., & Newton, S. R. (2023). The use of gas chromatography - high resolution mass spectrometry for suspect screening and non-targeted analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. J Chromatogr A, 1693, 463884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463884

Charbonnet, J. A., McDonough, C. A., Xiao, F., Schwichtenberg, T., Cao, D., Kaserzon, S., Thomas, K. V., Dewapriya, P., Place, B. J., Schymanski, E. L., Field, J. A., Helbling, D. E., & Higgins, C. P. (2022). Communicating Confidence of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Identification via High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol Lett, 9(6), 473-481. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00206

Charbonnet, J. A., Rodowa, A. E., Joseph, N. T., Guelfo, J. L., Field, J. A., Jones, G. D., Higgins, C. P., Helbling, D. E., & Houtz, E. F. (2021). Environmental Source Tracking of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances within a Forensic Context: Current and Future Techniques. Environmental Science & Technology, 55(11), 7237-7245. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c08506

Chen, H., Zhang, L., Li, M., Yao, Y., Zhao, Z., Munoz, G., & Sun, H. (2019). Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in precipitation from mainland China: Contributions of unknown precursors and short-chain (C2–C3) perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids. Water Research, 153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.019

Cioni, L., Nikiforov, V., Coêlho, A. C. M. F., Sandanger, T. M., & Herzke, D. (2022). Total oxidizable precursors assay for PFAS in human serum. Environment International, 170, 107656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107656

Concellon, A., Castro-Esteban, J., & Swager, T. M. (2023). Ultratrace PFAS Detection Using Amplifying Fluorescent Polymers. J Am Chem Soc, 145(20), 11420-11430. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c03125

Dao, D. L., Ho, T. D., Phan, X. D., & Tran, M. T. (2022). Analysis of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Textile and Leather Using the Agilent 6470 Triple Quadrupole LC/MS. Agilent - Application Note - Environmental, Materials, and Consumer Products.

Diaz-Galiano, F. J., Murcia-Morales, M., Monteau, F., Le Bizec, B., & Dervilly, G. (2023). Collision cross-section as a universal molecular descriptor in the analysis of PFAS and use of ion mobility spectrum filtering for improved analytical sensitivities. Anal Chim Acta, 1251, 341026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2023.341026

Dickman, R. A., & Aga, D. S. (2022). Efficient workflow for suspect screening analysis to characterize novel and legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in biosolids. Anal Bioanal Chem, 414(15), 4497-4507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-022-04088-2

Dilmetz, B. A., Hoffmann, P., & Condina, M. R. (2021). Quantitative Approach Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-ToF) Mass Spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol, 2228, 159-166. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1024-4_12

Dolan, M. J., Jr., Li, W., & Jorabchi, K. (2021). Detection and diversity of fluorinated oil- and water-repellent coatings on apparel fibers. J Forensic Sci, 66(4), 1285-1299. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14711

Emmons, R. V., Fatigante, W., Olomukoro, A. A., Musselman, B., & Gionfriddo, E. (2023). Rapid Screening and Quantification of PFAS Enabled by SPME-DART-MS. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom, 34(9), 1890-1897. https://doi.org/10.1021/jasms.3c00088

Enders, J. R., Weed, R. A., Griffith, E. H., & Muddiman, D. C. (2022). Development and validation of a high resolving power absolute quantitative per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances method incorporating Skyline data processing. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom, 36(11), e9295. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.9295

Fang, C., Megharaj, M., & Naidu, R. (2016). Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of fluorosurfactants in firefighting foams. RSC Advances, 6(14), 11140-11145. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra26114g

Forster, A. L. B., Zhang, Y., Westerman, D. C., & Richardson, S. D. (2023). Improved total organic fluorine methods for more comprehensive measurement of PFAS in industrial wastewater, river water, and air. Water Research, 235, 119859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2023.119859

Gao, Y., Gou, W., Zeng, W., Chen, W., Jiang, J., & Lu, J. (2023). Determination of Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid in water by polydopamine molecularly imprinted /Gold nanoparticles sensor. Microchemical Journal, 187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2022.108378

Gauthier, J. R., & Mabury, S. A. (2022). Noise-Reduced Quantitative Fluorine NMR Spectroscopy Reveals the Presence of Additional Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances in Environmental and Biological Samples When Compared with Routine Mass Spectrometry Methods. Analytical Chemistry, 94(7), 3278-3286. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05107

Gauthier, J. R., & Mabury, S. A. (2023). Identifying Unknown Fluorine-Containing Compounds in Environmental Samples Using 19F NMR and Spectral Database Matching. Environmental Science & Technology, 57(23), 8760-8767. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c01220

Gawor, A., Tupys, A., Ruszczyńska, A., & Bulska, E. (2021). An Improved Methodology for Determination of Fluorine in Biological Samples Using High-Resolution Molecular Absorption Spectrometry via Gallium Fluorine Formation in a Graphite Furnace. Applied Sciences, 11(12).

Gehrenkemper, L., Simon, F., Roesch, P., Fischer, E., von der Au, M., Pfeifer, J., Cossmer, A., Wittwer, P., Vogel, C., Simon, F.-G., & Meermann, B. (2021). Determination of organically bound fluorine sum parameters in river water samples—comparison of combustion ion chromatography (CIC) and high resolution-continuum source-graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-GFMAS). Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 413(1), 103-115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-03010-y

Getzinger, G. J., & Ferguson, P. L. (2021). High-Throughput Trace-Level Suspect Screening for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Environmental Waters by Peak-Focusing Online Solid Phase Extraction and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. ACS ES&T Water, 1(5), 1240-1251. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.0c00309

Getzinger, G. J., Higgins, C. P., & Ferguson, P. L. (2021). Structure Database and In Silico Spectral Library for Comprehensive Suspect Screening of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Environmental Media by High-resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem, 93(5), 2820-2827. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04109

Göckener, B., Lange, F. T., Lesmeister, L., Gökçe, E., Dahme, H. U., Bandow, N., & Biegel-Engler, A. (2022). Digging deep—implementation, standardisation and interpretation of a total oxidisable precursor (TOP) assay within the regulatory context of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in soil. Environmental Sciences Europe, 34(1), 52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-022-00631-1

Gonzalez de Vega, R., Cameron, A., Clases, D., Dodgen, T. M., Doble, P. A., & Bishop, D. P. (2021). "Simultaneous targeted and non-targeted analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in environmental samples by liquid chromatography-ion mobility-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry and mass defect analysis". J Chromatogr A, 1653, 462423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462423

Han, Y., Pulikkal, V. F., & Sun, M. (2021). Comprehensive Validation of the Adsorbable Organic Fluorine Analysis and Performance Comparison of Current Methods for Total Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Water Samples. ACS ES&T Water, 1(6), 1474-1482. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.1c00047

Harrison, E. E., & Waters, M. L. (2023). Detection and differentiation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water using a fluorescent imprint-and-report sensor array. Chem Sci, 14(4), 928-936. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2sc05685b

Hassan, M. H., Khan, R., & Andreescu, S. (2021). Advances in electrochemical detection methods for measuring contaminants of emerging concerns. Electrochemical Science Advances, 2(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/elsa.202100184

Herkert, N. J., Kassotis, C. D., Zhang, S., Han, Y., Pulikkal, V. F., Sun, M., Ferguson, P. L., & Stapleton, H. M. (2022). Characterization of Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances Present in Commercial Anti-fog Products and Their In Vitro Adipogenic Activity. Environmental Science & Technology, 56(2), 1162-1173. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06990

Heuckeroth, S., Nxumalo, T. N., Raab, A., & Feldmann, J. (2021). Fluorine-Specific Detection Using ICP-MS Helps to Identify PFAS Degradation Products in Nontargeted Analysis. Anal Chem, 93(16), 6335-6341. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00031

Houtz, E. F., & Sedlak, D. L. (2012). Oxidative conversion as a means of detecting precursors to perfluoroalkyl acids in urban runoff. Environ Sci Technol, 46(17), 9342-9349. https://doi.org/10.1021/es302274g

Hu, J., Lyu, Y., Chen, H., Cai, L., Li, J., Cao, X., & Sun, W. (2023). Integration of target, suspect, and nontarget screening with risk modeling for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances prioritization in surface waters. Water Res, 233, 119735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2023.119735

Huang, T., McClelland, A., & Zeng, T. H. (2022). Trace PFAS Detection in Water Sources Using Silver Nanoparticles for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) 2022 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Nanotechnology (NANO), 

Hunt, K., Hindle, R., Anumol, T., & Klein, C. (2021). Quadrupole-Resolved All ions (Q-RAI) Analysis of Selected PFAS Chemicals on an Agilent 6546 LC/Q-TOF. Agilent - Application Note Environmental.

IWW. (2023). Technical guidelines on PFAS substances under the recast Drinking Water Directive (Summary Report of the Technical Assessments, Issue.

Jacob, P., & Helbling, D. E. (2023). Rapid and Simultaneous Quantification of Short- and Ultrashort-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Water and Wastewater. ACS ES&T Water, 3(1), 118-128. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.2c00446

Kaiser, A.-M., Saracevic, E., Schaar, H. P., Weiss, S., & Hornek-Gausterer, R. (2021). Ozone as oxidizing agent for the total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay and as a preceding step for activated carbon treatments concerning per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance removal. Journal of Environmental Management, 300, 113692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113692

Kärrman, A., Wang, T., & Kallenborn, R. (2019). PFAS in the Nordic Environment TemaNord 2019:515, 2019:515. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/TN2019-515

Kärrman, A., Yeung, L. W. Y., Spaan, K. M., Lange, F. T., Nguyen, M. A., Plassmann, M., de Wit, C. A., Scheurer, M., Awad, R., & Benskin, J. P. (2021). Can determination of extractable organofluorine (EOF) be standardized? First interlaboratory comparisons of EOF and fluorine mass balance in sludge and water matrices [10.1039/D1EM00224D]. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts, 23(10), 1458-1465. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EM00224D

Kaufmann, A., Butcher, P., Maden, K., Walker, S., & Widmer, M. (2022). Simplifying Nontargeted Analysis of PFAS in Complex Food Matrixes. Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL, 105(5), 1280-1287. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsac071

Kiehne, A., Bodendiek, S., & Niehaus, E.-M. (2022). Pushing the Limits of Standard-free PFAS Screening. Bruker Daltonics - Application Notes.

Koch, A. (2020). Towards a comprehensive analytical workflow for the chemical characterisation of organofluorine in consumer products and environmental samples. Trends in analytical chemistry, v. 123, 2020 v.2123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2019.02.024

Koelmel, J. P., Stelben, P., McDonough, C. A., Dukes, D. A., Aristizabal-Henao, J. J., Nason, S. L., Li, Y., Sternberg, S., Lin, E., Beckmann, M., Williams, A. J., Draper, J., Finch, J. P., Munk, J. K., Deigl, C., Rennie, E. E., Bowden, J. A., & Godri Pollitt, K. J. (2022). FluoroMatch 2.0-making automated and comprehensive non-targeted PFAS annotation a reality. Anal Bioanal Chem, 414(3), 1201-1215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03392-7

Koronaiou, L.-A., Nannou, C., Xanthopoulou, N., Seretoudi, G., Bikiaris, D., & Lambropoulou, D. A. (2022). High-resolution mass spectrometry-based strategies for the target analysis and suspect screening of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in aqueous matrices. Microchemical Journal, 179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2022.107457

Kowalewska, Z., Brzezińska, K., Zieliński, J., & Pilarczyk, J. (2021). Method development for determination of organic fluorine in gasoline and its components using high-resolution continuum source flame molecular absorption spectrometry with gallium fluoride as a target molecule. Talanta, 227, 122205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122205

Krebs, R., Owens, J., & Luckarift, H. (2022). Formation and detection of hydrogen fluoride gas during fire fighting scenarios. Fire Safety Journal, 127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2021.103489

Kudo, T., Shimizu, T., Inoue, A., & Tani, H. (2021). Direct analysis of hard disk media lubricants using MALDI-TOF MS. Bruker Daltonics - Application Notes.

Lasee, S., McDermett, K., Kumar, N., Guelfo, J., Payton, P., Yang, Z., & Anderson, T. A. (2022). Targeted analysis and Total Oxidizable Precursor assay of several insecticides for PFAS. Journal of Hazardous Materials Letters, 3, 100067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2022.100067

Li, G., Lv, Y., Chen, M., Ye, X., Niu, Z., Bai, H., Lei, H., & Ma, Q. (2021). Post-Chromatographic Dicationic Ionic Liquid-Based Charge Complexation for Highly Sensitive Analysis of Anionic Compounds by Ultra-High-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem, 93(3), 1771-1778. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04612

Liang, S.-H. (2021). A Novel Approach for Ultrashort-Chain PFAS Analysis in Water Samples Direct, Simultaneous Determination of Ultrashort-Chain, Alternative, and Legacy PFAS. Restek - Application Note. (https://www.restek.com/global/en/articles/a-novel-approach-for-ultrashort-chain-pfas-analysis-in-water-samples)

Lin, Y. M., Sun, J. N., Yang, X. W., Qin, R. Y., & Zhang, Z. Q. (2023). Fluorinated magnetic porous carbons for dispersive solid-phase extraction of perfluorinated compounds. Talanta, 252, 123860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123860

Lu, D., Zhu, D. Z., Gan, H., Yao, Z., Luo, J., Yu, S., & Kurup, P. (2022). An ultra-sensitive molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and gold nanostars (AuNS) modified voltammetric sensor for facile detection of perfluorooctance sulfonate (PFOS) in drinking water. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2021.131055

Luo, Y., Gibson, C. T., Chuah, C., Tang, Y., Naidu, R., & Fang, C. (2022). Raman imaging for the identification of Teflon microplastics and nanoplastics released from non-stick cookware. Science of The Total Environment, 851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158293

M.B, B., Rhakho, N., Jena, S. R., Yadav, S., Altaee, A., Saxena, M., & Samal, A. K. (2023). Detection of PFAS via surface-enhanced Raman scattering: Challenges and future perspectives. Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment, 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scenv.2023.100031

MacNeil, A., Li, X., Amiri, R., Muir, D. C. G., Simpson, A., Simpson, M. J., Dorman, F. L., & Jobst, K. J. (2022). Gas Chromatography-(Cyclic) Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry: A Novel Platform for the Discovery of Unknown Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances. Anal Chem, 94(31), 11096-11103. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02325

Marra, V., Abballe, A., Dellatte, E., Iacovella, N., Ingelido, A. M., De Felip, E., & Lubman, D. M. (2020). A Simple and Rapid Method for Quantitative HPLC MS/MS Determination of Selected Perfluorocarboxylic Acids and Perfluorosulfonates in Human Serum. International Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2020, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8878618

McDonnell, C., Albarghouthi, F. M., Selhorst, R., Kelley-Loughnane, N., Franklin, A. D., & Rao, R. (2022). Aerosol Jet Printed Surface-Enhanced Raman Substrates: Application for High-Sensitivity Detection of Perfluoroalkyl Substances. ACS Omega, 8(1), 1597-1605. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c07134

McDonough, C. A., Guelfo, J. L., & Higgins, C. P. (2019). Measuring Total PFASs in Water: The Tradeoff between Selectivity and Inclusivity. Curr Opin Environ Sci Health, 7, 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2018.08.005

Menger, R. F., Beck, J. J., Borch, T., & Henry, C. S. (2022). Colorimetric Paper-Based Analytical Device for Perfluorooctanesulfonate Detection. ACS ES&T Water, 2(4), 565-572. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.1c00356

Miles, L., Calder, H., Nikiforov, V., Herzke, D., Warner, N., Riccardino, G., Ladak, A., & Kutscher, D. (2023). High-throughput analysis of both neutral and ionic PFAS in ambient air using thermal desorption coupled to gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS/MS). ThermoFisher Scientific - Application Note.

Miles, L., Gil, C., Novaes-Card, S., & Anumol, T. (2022). Analysis of Trace Perfluorinated and Polyfluorinated Organic Vapors in Air. Agilent - Application Note Environmental.

Miller, K. E., & Strynar, M. J. (2022). Improved Tandem Mass Spectrometry Detection and Resolution of Low Molecular Weight Perfluoroalkyl Ether Carboxylic Acid Isomers. Environ Sci Technol Lett, 9(9), 747-751. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00509

Miralles, P., Beser, M. I., Sanchís, Y., Yusà, V., & Coscollà, C. (2023). Determination of 21 per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances in paper- and cardboard-based food contact materials by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Analytical Methods, 15(12), 1559-1568. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ay00083d

Miyake, Y., Kato, M., & Urano, K. (2007). A method for measuring semi- and non-volatile organic halogens by combustion ion chromatography. J Chromatogr A, 1139(1), 63-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.10.078

Moody, C. A., Kwan, W. C., Martin, J. W., Muir, D. C. G., & Mabury, S. A. (2001). Determination of perfluorinated surfactants in surface water samples by two independent analytical Techniques: liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and 19F NMR. . Anal. Chem., 73(10), 2200-2206.

Morales-McDevitt, M. E., Becanova, J., Blum, A., Bruton, T. A., Vojta, S., Woodward, M., & Lohmann, R. (2021). The Air that we Breathe: Neutral and volatile PFAS in Indoor Air. Environ Sci Technol Lett, 8(10), 897-902. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.1c00481

Moro, G., Chiavaioli, F., Liberi, S., Zubiate, P., Del Villar, I., Angelini, A., De Wael, K., Baldini, F., Moretto, L. M., & Giannetti, A. (2021). (INVITED)Nanocoated fiber label-free biosensing for perfluorooctanoic acid detection by lossy mode resonance. Results in Optics, 5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rio.2021.100123

Moro, T. T., Arcênio, P. P., de Oliveira, F. J. S., Chaves, E. S., Bascuñan, V. L. A. F., & Maranhão, T. d. A. (2021). Determination of extractable fluorine from residue of oil and gas industry by HR-CS MAS applying toxicity characteristic leaching procedure. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 252, 109917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluchem.2021.109917

Muensterman, D. J., Titaley, I. A., Peaslee, G. F., Minc, L. D., Cahuas, L., Rodowa, A. E., Horiuchi, Y., Yamane, S., Fouquet, T. N. J., Kissel, J. C., Carignan, C. C., & Field, J. A. (2022). Disposition of Fluorine on New Firefighter Turnout Gear. Environ Sci Technol, 56(2), 974-983. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06322

Neuwald, I. J., Hübner, D., Wiegand, H. L., Valkov, V., Borchers, U., Nödler, K., Scheurer, M., Hale, S. E., Arp, H. P. H., & Zahn, D. (2022). Ultra-Short-Chain PFASs in the Sources of German Drinking Water: Prevalent, Overlooked, Difficult to Remove, and Unregulated. Environmental Science & Technology, 56(10), 6380-6390. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c07949

Nikiforov, V. A. (2021). Hydrolysis of FTOH precursors, a simple method to account for some of the unknown PFAS. Chemosphere, 276, 130044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130044

Niu, X. Z., Abrell, L., Sierra-Alvarez, R., Field, J. A., & Chorover, J. (2022). Analysis of hydrophilic per- and polyfluorinated sulfonates including trifluoromethanesulfonate using solid phase extraction and mixed-mode liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A, 1664, 462817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462817

Nxumalo, T., Akhdhar, A., Mueller, V., Simon, F., von der Au, M., Cossmer, A., Pfeifer, J., Krupp, E. M., Meermann, B., Kindness, A., & Feldmann, J. (2023). EOF and target PFAS analysis in surface waters affected by sewage treatment effluents in Berlin, Germany. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 415(6), 1195-1204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-022-04500-x

Organtini, K. L., Rosnack, K. J., & Hancock, P. (2023). Expanding the Range of PFAS in a Single Injection to Include Ultra Short Chains Using the Atlantis™ BEH™ C18 AX Mixed Mode Column. Waters - Application Note. (https://www.waters.com/nextgen/ie/en/library/application-notes/2023/expanding-the-range-of-pfas-in-a-single-injection-to-include-ultra-short-chains-using-the-atlantis-beh-c18-ax-mixed-mode-column.html)

Park, J., Yang, K. A., Choi, Y., & Choe, J. K. (2022). Novel ssDNA aptamer-based fluorescence sensor for perfluorooctanoic acid detection in water. Environ Int, 158, 107000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.107000

Peter, K. T., Kolodziej, E. P., & Kucklick, J. R. (2022). Assessing Reliability of Non-targeted High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Fingerprints for Quantitative Source Apportionment in Complex Matrices. Anal Chem, 94(6), 2723-2731. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03202

Putz, K. W., Namazkar, S., Plassmann, M., & Benskin, J. P. (2022). Are cosmetics a significant source of PFAS in Europe? product inventories, chemical characterization and emission estimates. Environ Sci Process Impacts, 24(10), 1697-1707. https://doi.org/10.1039/d2em00123c

Redeker, F. A., Lesniewski, J. E., Hahm, G., McMahon, W. P., & Jorabchi, K. (2022). High-Resolution Elemental Mass Spectrometry Using LC-ICP-Nanospray-Orbitrap for Simultaneous and Species-Independent Quantitation of Fluorinated and Chlorinated Compounds. Anal Chem, 94(34), 11865-11872. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02359

Rehnstam, S., Czeschka, M.-B., & Ahrens, L. (2023). Suspect screening and total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay as tools for characterization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS)-contaminated groundwater and treated landfill leachate. Chemosphere, 334, 138925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138925

Roesch, P., Vogel, C., Wittwer, P., Huthwelker, T., Borca, C. N., Sommerfeld, T., Kluge, S., Piechotta, C., Kalbe, U., & Simon, F.-G. (2023). Taking a look at the surface: μ-XRF mapping and fluorine K-edge μ-XANES spectroscopy of organofluorinated compounds in environmental samples and consumer products [10.1039/D3EM00107E]. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts, 25(7), 1213-1223. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3EM00107E

Sahu, S. P., Kole, S., Arges, C. G., & Gartia, M. R. (2022). Rapid and Direct Perfluorooctanoic Acid Sensing with Selective Ionomer Coatings on Screen-Printed Electrodes under Environmentally Relevant Concentrations. ACS Omega, 7(6), 5001-5007. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c05847

Schultes, L., Peaslee, G. F., Brockman, J. D., Majumdar, A., McGuinness, S. R., Wilkinson, J. T., Sandblom, O., Ngwenyama, R. A., & Benskin, J. P. (2019). Total Fluorine Measurements in Food Packaging: How Do Current Methods Perform? Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 6(2), 73-78. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00700

Schulz, K., Silva, M. R., & Klaper, R. (2020). Distribution and effects of branched versus linear isomers of PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS: A review of recent literature. Sci Total Environ, 733, 139186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139186

Schwartz-Narbonne, H., Xia, C., Shalin, A., Whitehead, H. D., Yang, D., Peaslee, G. F., Wang, Z., Wu, Y., Peng, H., Blum, A., Venier, M., & Diamond, M. L. (2023). Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Canadian Fast Food Packaging. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 10(4), 343-349. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00926

Schymanski, E. L., Jeon, J., Gulde, R., Fenner, K., Ruff, M., Singer, H. P., & Hollender, J. (2014). Identifying small molecules via high resolution mass spectrometry: communicating confidence. Environ Sci Technol, 48(4), 2097-2098. https://doi.org/10.1021/es5002105

Shen, P., Song, X., Li, N., & Zhao, C. (2023). Concentrations and distributions of fluorotelomer alcohols and perfluoroalkane sulfonamido substances in the atmosphere in the Pearl River Delta, China. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng, 58(3), 183-190. https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2023.2174332

Shen, Y., Wang, L., Ding, Y., Liu, S., Li, Y., Zhou, Z., & Liang, Y. (2023). Trends in the Analysis and Exploration of per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Environmental Matrices: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2023.2231535

Shojaei, M., Kumar, N., & Guelfo, J. L. (2022). An Integrated Approach for Determination of Total Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS). Environmental Science & Technology, 56(20), 14517-14527. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c05143

Siao, P., Tseng, S. H., & Chen, C. Y. (2022). Determination of perfluoroalkyl substances in food packaging in Taiwan using ultrasonic extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Food Drug Anal, 30(1), 11-25. https://doi.org/10.38212/2224-6614.3397

Simon, F., Gehrenkemper, L., Becher, S., Dierkes, G., Langhammer, N., Cossmer, A., von der Au, M., Göckener, B., Fliedner, A., Rüdel, H., Koschorreck, J., & Meermann, B. (2023). Quantification and characterization of PFASs in suspended particulate matter (SPM) of German rivers using EOF, dTOPA, (non-)target HRMS. Science of The Total Environment, 885, 163753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163753

Simon, F., Gehrenkemper, L., von der Au, M., Wittwer, P., Roesch, P., Pfeifer, J., Cossmer, A., & Meermann, B. (2022). A fast and simple PFAS extraction method utilizing HR–CS–GFMAS for soil samples. Chemosphere, 295, 133922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133922

Skedung, L., Savvidou, E., Schellenberger, S., Reimann, A., Cousins, I., & Benskin, J. (2023). Identification and quantification of fluorinated polymers in consumer products by combustion ion chromatography and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. ChemRxiv. https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-q3wlz

Sunantha, G., & Vasudevan, N. (2021). A method for detecting perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate in water samples using genetically engineered bacterial biosensor. Sci Total Environ, 759, 143544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143544

Tabar, F. A., Lowdon, J. W., Caldara, M., Cleij, T. J., Wagner, P., Diliën, H., Eersels, K., & van Grinsven, B. (2023). Thermal determination of perfluoroalkyl substances in environmental samples employing a molecularly imprinted polyacrylamide as a receptor layer. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103021

Taniyasu, S., Yeung, L. W. Y., Lin, H., Yamazaki, E., Eun, H., Lam, P. K. S., & Yamashita, N. (2022). Quality assurance and quality control of solid phase extraction for PFAS in water and novel analytical techniques for PFAS analysis. Chemosphere, 288(Pt 1), 132440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132440

Tasfaout, A., Ibrahim, F., Morrin, A., Brisset, H., Sorrentino, I., Nanteuil, C., Laffite, G., Nicholls, I. A., Regan, F., & Branger, C. (2023). Molecularly imprinted polymers for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances enrichment and detection. Talanta, 258, 124434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124434

Taylor, C. M., Ellingsen, T. A., Breadmore, M. C., & Kilah, N. L. (2021). Porphyrin-based colorimetric sensing of perfluorooctanoic acid as proof of concept for perfluoroalkyl substance detection. Chem Commun (Camb), 57(88), 11649-11652. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1cc04903h

Tian, L., Guo, H., Li, J., Yan, L., Zhu, E., Liu, X., & Li, K. (2021). Fabrication of a near-infrared excitation surface molecular imprinting ratiometric fluorescent probe for sensitive and rapid detecting perfluorooctane sulfonate in complex matrix. J Hazard Mater, 413, 125353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125353

Tighe, M., Jin, Y., Whitehead, H. D., Hayes, K., Lieberman, M., Pannu, M., Plumlee, M. H., & Peaslee, G. F. (2021). Screening for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Water with Particle Induced Gamma-Ray Emission Spectroscopy. ACS ES&T Water, 1(12), 2477-2484. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.1c00215

Timshina, A., Aristizabal-Henao, J. J., Da Silva, B. F., & Bowden, J. A. (2021). The last straw: Characterization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in commercially-available plant-based drinking straws. Chemosphere, 277, 130238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130238

Tisler, S., Savvidou, P., Jørgensen, M. B., Castro, M., & Christensen, J. H. (2023). Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Coupled to High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Reveals Persistent Mobile Organic Compounds with Unknown Toxicity in Wastewater Effluents. Environmental Science & Technology, 57(25), 9287-9297. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c00120

Tisler, S., Tüchsen, P. L., & Christensen, J. H. (2022). Non-target screening of micropollutants and transformation products for assessing AOP-BAC treatment in groundwater. Environmental Pollution, 309, 119758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119758

US-EPA. (2022). Report on the Single-laboratory Validation of Clean Water Act  Method 1621 for Adsorbable Organic Fluoride (AOF).

Valdiviezo, A., Aly, N. A., Luo, Y. S., Cordova, A., Casillas, G., Foster, M., Baker, E. S., & Rusyn, I. (2022). Analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in Houston Ship Channel and Galveston Bay following a large-scale industrial fire using ion-mobility-spectrometry-mass spectrometry. J Environ Sci (China), 115, 350-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2021.08.004

Vijayakumar, S., Raja, L., Venkatesan, S., Lin, M. C., & Vediappen, P. (2023). A Highly Selective Schiff Base Based Chemodosimeter for the Detection of Perfluorooctanoic Acid by Optical Biosensor. J Fluoresc. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-023-03298-w

Wagner, A., Raue, B., Brauch, H., Worch, E., & Lange, F. (2013). Determination of adsorbable organic fluorine from aqueous environmental samples by adsorption to polystyrene-divinylbenzene based activated carbon and combustion ion chromatography. Journal of Chromatography A, 1295, 82-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.051

Wang, B., Yao, Y., Chen, H., Chang, S., Tian, Y., & Sun, H. (2020). Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and the contribution of unknown precursors and short-chain (C2-C3) perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids at solid waste disposal facilities. The Science of the total environment, 705, 135832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135832

Wei, Y., Liu, H., Wang, S., Yu, K., & Wang, L. (2023). A portable molecularly imprinted polymer-modified microchip sensor for the rapid detection of perfluorooctanoic acid. Analyst, 148(16), 3851-3859. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3an00653k

Weiss, M., Gajarska, Z., Lohninger, H., Marchetti-Deschmann, M., Ramer, G., Lendl, B., & Limbeck, A. (2022). Elemental mapping of fluorine by means of molecular laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta, 1195, 339422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2021.339422

Wen, L., Jin, F., Imasaka, T., & Imasaka, T. (2021). Esterification of perfluorinated carboxylic acids with bromomethyl aromatic compounds for gas chromatography combined with laser ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A, 1656, 462546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462546

West, C. P., Brown, H. M., & Fedick, P. W. (2023). Molecular Characterization of the Thermal Degradation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Aqueous Film-Forming Foams via Temperature-Programmed Thermal Desorption–Pyrolysis–Direct Analysis in Real Time–Mass Spectrometry. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 10(4), 308-315. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00064

White, S., Zheng, K., Tanen, J., Lesniewski, J. E., & Jorabchi, K. (2022). Elemental detection of fluorochemicals by nanospray-induced chemical ionization in afterglow of an inductively coupled plasma [10.1039/D1JA00449B]. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 37(4), 870-882. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1JA00449B

Whitehead, H. D., Venier, M., Wu, Y., Eastman, E., Urbanik, S., Diamond, M. L., Shalin, A., Schwartz-Narbonne, H., Bruton, T. A., Blum, A., Wang, Z., Green, M., Tighe, M., Wilkinson, J. T., McGuinness, S., & Peaslee, G. F. (2021). Fluorinated Compounds in North American Cosmetics. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 8(7), 538-544. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.1c00240

Wingfors, H., Moren, L., Wiktelius, D., & Magnusson, R. (2022). The potential of thermal desorption-GC/MS-based analytical methods for the unambiguous identification and quantification of perfluoroisobutene and carbonyl fluoride in air samples. J Sep Sci, 45(15), 2968-2976. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.202200251

Wu, J., Wang, F., Wang, Z., Hu, H., Yang, L., & Fu, H. (2022). Global performance and trends of research on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) between 2001 and 2018 using bibliometric analysis. Chemosphere, 295, 133853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133853

Wu, R., Lin, H., Yamazaki, E., Taniyasu, S., Sorengard, M., Ahrens, L., Lam, P. K. S., Eun, H., & Yamashita, N. (2021). Simultaneous analysis of neutral and ionizable per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in air. Chemosphere, 280, 130607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130607

Ye, R., Di Lorenzo, R. A., Clouthier, J. T., Young, C. J., & VandenBoer, T. C. (2023). A Rapid Derivatization for Quantitation of Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids from Aqueous Matrices by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem, 95(19), 7648-7655. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00593

Young, R. B., Pica, N. E., Sharifan, H., Chen, H., Roth, H. K., Blakney, G. T., Borch, T., Higgins, C. P., Kornuc, J. J., McKenna, A. M., & Blotevogel, J. (2022). PFAS Analysis with Ultrahigh Resolution 21T FT-ICR MS: Suspect and Nontargeted Screening with Unrivaled Mass Resolving Power and Accuracy. Environ Sci Technol, 56(4), 2455-2465. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c08143

Yukioka, S., Tanaka, S., Suzuki, Y., Fujii, S., & Echigo, S. (2020). A new method to search for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) by linking fragmentation flags with their molecular ions by drift time using ion mobility spectrometry. Chemosphere, 239, 124644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124644; 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124644. Epub 2019 Aug 29.

Zhu, M., & Walker, E. (2020). Analysis of Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) using High Resolution Accurate Mass Data. Thermo Fisher Scientific - Application Note.

Zweigle, J., Bugsel, B., Capitain, C., & Zwiener, C. (2022). PhotoTOP: PFAS Precursor Characterization by UV/TiO2 Photocatalysis. Environmental Science & Technology, 56(22), 15728-15736. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c05652

Zweigle, J., Bugsel, B., & Zwiener, C. (2022). FindPFΔS: Non-Target Screening for PFAS─Comprehensive Data Mining for MS2 Fragment Mass Differences. Analytical Chemistry, 94(30), 10788-10796. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01521

Zweigle, J., Bugsel, B., & Zwiener, C. (2023). Efficient PFAS prioritization in non-target HRMS data: systematic evaluation of the novel MD/C-m/C approach. Anal Bioanal Chem, 415(10), 1791-1801. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-023-04601-1

Zweigle, J., Capitain, C., Simon, F., Roesch, P., Bugsel, B., & Zwiener, C. (2023). Non-extractable PFAS in functional textiles – characterization by complementary methods: oxidation, hydrolysis, and fluorine sum parameters [10.1039/D3EM00131H]. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts, 25(8), 1298-1310. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3EM00131H