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Appendix 1: Examples of existing restrictions of products, polymers and monomers

The terms "biodegradable", "reusable", "disposable" or "compostable" were not included because these do not define the specific plastic monomer or polymer.
See Appendix 2 for full references.

A. Countries with one or more plastic products banned or restricted at the national or regional level (expanding on Table 1, Figure 2)

Table 6: Plastic products banned or restricted at the national or regional level, with individual countries listed (with references)
Plastic product
Bans
Sources
Restrictions (including taxes and fees)
Sources
Agricultural film
1 Country (China)
  • China: Xinhua News Agency (2020)
None
N/A
Banners (signs)
2 Countries
(India, Mauritius)
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
  • Mauritius: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
None
N/A
Board stock
1 Country (Tuvalu)
  • Tuvalu: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
None
N/A
Bottles (incl. beverage bottles & containers)
7 Countries (Maldives & 6 countries not specified) & 1 Region (EEA – 30 member states)
  • Maldives: Environment Protection and Preservation Act (Act No. 4/93)
  • 6 unspecified countries: UNEP 2018, p.55, Figure 9
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904 (EPS beverage containers only)
28 Countries
(Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Chile, Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Israel, Kiribati, Macedonia, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Montenegro, Norway, Palau, Peru, Republic of Korea, San Marino, St. Kitts & Nevis, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Sweden, Tanzania, Uruguay)
& 1 Region
(EEA – 30 member states)
  • A&B: UNEP 2018, p.57, Table 25
  • Barbados: UNEP 2018, p.60, Table 27
  • Belize: UNEP 2018, p.60, Table 27
  • Chile : Law N°21.368v (2021)
  • Croatia: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Denmark: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Estonia : UNEP 2018, p.60, Table 27
  • Fiji : UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • Finland: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Germany: UNEP 2018, p.60, Table 27
  • Iceland : UNEP 2018, p.62, Table 28
  • Israel : UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • Kiribati : UNEP 2018, p.61, Table 28
  • Macedonia: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Malta : UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • Marshall Is.: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Mauritius : Karasik et al. 2020 p.191
  • Montenegro: UNEP 2018, p.57, Table 25
  • Norway: UNEP 2018, p.57, Table 25
  • Palau: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Peru: Ley No. 30884 que Regula el Plástico de Un Solo Uso y los Recipientes o Envases Descartables
  • ROK: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • San Marino: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • St. K&N: UNEP 2018, p.57, Table 25
  • St. V&G: UNEP 2018, p.57, Table 25
  • Sweden: UNEP 2018, p.62, Table 28
  • Tanzania: Karasik et al. 2020 p.195
  • Uruguay: UNEP 2018, p.57, Table 25
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904 
Boxes
1 Country (Seychelles)
  • Seychelles: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
2 Countries
(Belize, Sri Lanka)
  • Belize: Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) (Amendment) Regulations, 2022
  • Sri Lanka: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
Cotton swabs/​ear buds
8 Countries
(China, Colombia, France, India, Italy, Maldives, Panama, Wales) & 1 Region (EEA – 30 member states)
  • China: Xinhua News Agency (2020)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • France: UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • Italy: UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
  • Maldives: Environment Protection and Preservation Act (Act No. 4/93)
  • Panama: Law No. 187 - Regulating the Reduction and Progressive Replacement of Single-Use Plastics in 2021
  • Wales: Act of Senedd Cymru 2023 asc 2
  • EA: EU Directive 2019/904 
1 Country (England)
  • England: UK Statutory Instruments 2020 No. 971
Cups/​glasses
(and their lids)
20 Countries
(Belize, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Dominica, Ecuador, England, France, India, Marshall Islands, Maldives, Mauritius, Peru Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Scotland, Sri Lanka, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Wales) & 1 Region (EEA – 30 member states)
  • Belize: Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) Regulations, 2020
  • Canada: Single-use Plastics Prohibition Regulations (SOR/2022-138)
  • Chile: Law N°21.368 (2021)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • Dominica: Karasik et al. (2020) p.230
  • Ecuador: Ley orgánica para la racionalización, reutilización, y reducción de plásticos de un solo uso (2020)
  • England: UK Statutory Instruments 2023 No. 982
  • France: UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
  • Marshall Islands: P 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Maldives: Environment Protection and Preservation Act (Act No. 4/93)
  • Mauritius: Government of Mauritius Notice No. 156 of 2020.
  • Peru: Ley No. 30884 que Regula el Plástico de Un Solo Uso y los Recipientes o Envases Descartables
  • Saint Lucia: Styrofoam and Plastic Food Service Containers (Prohibition) Act No. 22 of 2019
  • Saudi Arabia: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Scotland: Scottish Statutory Instruments 2021 No. 410
  • Sri Lanka: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Tuvalu: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Vanuatu: UNEP 2018, p.53, Table 23
  • Wales: Act of Senedd Cymru 2023 asc 2
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904 (EPS only)
6 Countries
(Bulgaria, Macedonia, Malta, Republic of Korea, San Marino, Slovenia)
& 1 Region
(EEA – 30 member states)
  • Bulgaria: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Macedonia: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Malta: UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • ROK: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • San Marino: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Slovenia: UNEP 2018, p.57, Table 25
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904 
Cutlery/​utensils
(incl. forks, knives, spoons, chopsticks, stir-sticks, cocktail sticks, candy sticks, ice-cream sticks, toothpicks)
21 Countries
(Belize, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Dominica, Ecuador, England, India, Maldives, Monaco, Mauritius, New Zealand, Panama, Peru, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Scotland, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Wales) & 1 Region (EEA – 30 member states
  • Belize: Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) Regulations, 2020
  • Canada: Single-use Plastics Prohibition Regulations (SOR/2022-138)
  • Chile: Law N°21.368v (2021)
  • China: Xinhua News Agency (2020)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • Dominica: Karasik et al. (2020) p.230
  • Ecuador: Ley orgánica para la racionalización, reutilización, y reducción de plásticos de un solo uso (2020)
  • England: UK Statutory Instruments 2023 No. 982
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
  • Maldives: Environment Protection and Preservation Act (Act No. 4/93)
  • Monaco: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Mauritius: Government of Mauritius Notice No. 156 of 2020.
  • New Zealand: Plastic and Related Products Regulations 2022
  • Panama: Law No. 187 - Regulating the Reduction and Progressive Replacement of Single-Use Plastics in 2021
  • Peru: Ley No. 30884 que Regula el Plástico de Un Solo Uso y los Recipientes o Envases Descartables
  • Saint Lucia: Styrofoam and Plastic Food Service Containers (Prohibition) Act No. 22 of 2019
  • Saudi Arabia: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Scotland: Scottish Statutory Instruments 2021 No. 410
  • Seychelles: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Sri Lanka: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Wales: Act of Senedd Cymru 2023 asc 2
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904 
4 Countries (Denmark, Latvia, Republic of Korea, San Marino)
  • Denmark: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Latvia: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • ROK: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • San Marino: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
Egg cartons
3 Countries
(Panama, Saint Lucia, Tuvalu)
  • Panama: Law No. 187 - Regulating the Reduction and Progressive Replacement of Single-Use Plastics in 2021
  • Saint Lucia: Styrofoam and Plastic Food Service Containers (Prohibition) Act No. 22 of 2019
  • Tuvalu: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
1 Country (Belize)
  • Belize: Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) (Amendment) Regulations, 2022
Fishing gear
None
N/A
1 Region
(EEA – 30 member states)
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904 
Food containers (and their lids) incl. clamshells
17 Countries
(Belize, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Dominica, England, Haiti, Indonesia, Guyana, Maldives, Mauritius, Saint Lucia, Scotland, Sri Lanka, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Wales) & 1 Region (EEA – 30 member states)
  • Belize: Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) Regulations, 2020
  • Canada: Single-use Plastics Prohibition Regulations (SOR/2022-138)
  • Chile: Law N°21.368v (2021)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • Dominica: Karasik et al. (2020) p.230
  • England: UK Statutory Instruments 2023 No. 982
  • Haiti: Karasik et al. 2020 p.286
  • Indonesia: MoEF decree No. P.75/2019 on Roadmap to Waste Reduction by Producers
  • Guyana: UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • Maldives: Environment Protection and Preservation Act (Act No. 4/93)
  • Mauritius: Government of Mauritius Notice No. 156 of 2020.
  • Saint Lucia: Styrofoam and Plastic Food Service Containers (Prohibition) Act No. 22 of 2019
  • Scotland: Scottish Statutory Instruments 2021 No. 410
  • Sri Lanka: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Tuvalu: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Vanuatu: UNEP 2018, p.53, Table 23
  • Wales: Act of Senedd Cymru 2023 asc 2
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904 (EPS only)
1 Country (China)
& 1 Region
(EEA – 30 member states)
  • China: Xinhua News Agency (2020)
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904 
Horticultural netting
2 Countries
(Tuvalu, Vanuatu)
  • Tuvalu: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Vanuatu: UNEP 2018, p.53, Table 23
None
N/A
Invitation cards
1 Country
(India)
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
None
N/A
Microbeads
14 Countries
(Argentina, Canada, China, England, France, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Scotland, Sweden, Thailand, USA, Wales)
& 1 Region
(EEA – 30 member states)
  • Argentina: Disposición 9365/2022
  • Canada: Microbeads in Toiletries Regulations (SOR/2017-111)
  • China: Xinhua News Agency (2020)
  • England: UNEP 2018 p.72 Table 33
  • France: UNEP 2018 p.72 Table 33
  • Ireland: Microbeads (Prohibition) Act 2019
  • Italy: UNEP 2018 p.72 Table 33
  • New Zealand: UNEP 2018 p.72 Table 33
  • ROK: Special bill on microplastic reduction and management 2023
  • Scotland: UNEP 2018 p.72 Table 33
  • Sweden: UNEP 2018 p.72 Table 33
  • Thailand: Announcement of the Ministry of Public Health on specifying the characteristics of cosmetics Prohibited Production, Import, or Sale (No. 2) B.E. 2019
  • United States of America: UNEP 2018 p.72 Table 33
  • Wales: UNEP 2018 p.72 Table 33
  • EEA: Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/2055
None
N/A
Newspaper/​Magazine bags
3 countries
(Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • Ecuador: Ley orgánica para la racionalización, reutilización, y reducción de plásticos de un solo uso (2020)
  • Peru: Ley No. 30884 que Regula el Plástico de Un Solo Uso y los Recipientes o Envases Descartables
 
-    
Plastic bags
94 Countries*
(Belize, China, Colombia, Ecuador, Indonesia, Maldives, Oman, Peru, Tanzania, Ukraine, Uruguay, & 83 countries not specified)
 
& 1 Region
(EAC – 8 partner states)
  • Belize: Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) Regulations, 2020
  • China: Xinhua News Agency (2020)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • Ecuador : Ley orgánica para la racionalización, reutilización, y reducción de plásticos de un solo uso (2020)
  • Indonesia: MoEF decree No. P.75/2019 on Roadmap to Waste Reduction by Producers
  • Maldives: Environment Protection and Preservation Act (Act No. 4/93)
  • Oman: Ministerial Decision 519/2022 regarding the ban on the import of plastic bags
  • Peru: Ley No. 30884 que Regula el Plástico de Un Solo Uso y los Recipientes o Envases Descartables
  • Tanzania: Environmental Management (Prohibition of Plastic Carrier Bags) Regulations, 2019
  • Ukraine: Law "On Restricting the Circulation of Plastic Bags on the Territory of Ukraine" №1489-IX (2021)
  • Uruguay: Ley N° 19655 – Declaración de interés general. Prevención y Reducción del Impacto Ambiental Derivado de la Utilización de Bolsas Plasticas.
  • 83 Countries: UNEP 2018, p.13 (Key Finding #2)
  • EAC: East African Community Polythene Materials Control Bill 2016
 
*Individually named countries have introduced bans since the UNEP 2018 report
44 Countries (Individual countries not specified)
& 2 Regions
(EEA – 30 member states & Barcelona Convention – 21 contracting parties, of which 8 are also EEA member states)
  • 44 Countries: UNEP 2018, p.13
  • EEA: EU Directive 2015/720 and EU Directive 2019/904 
  • Barcelona Convention: Regional Plan on Marine Litter Management in the Mediterranean 2021
Plastic confetti
1 Country (Colombia)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
None
N/A
Plastic laundry covers
2 Countries
(Colombia, Panama)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • Panama: Law No. 187 - Regulating the Reduction and Progressive Replacement of Single-Use Plastics in 2021
None
N/A
Plastic packaging (general)
7 Countries
(Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Djibouti, India, Panama, United Arab Emirates, Zimbabwe)
  • Burkina Faso: UNEP, 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • Cameroon: Karasik et al. 2020 p.193
  • K et al. 2020 p.195Djibouti: Karasi
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
  • Panama: Karasik et al. (2020) p.230
  • UAE: UNEP 2018, p.53, Table 23
  • Zimbabwe: UNEP 2018, p.53, Table 23
21 Countries
(Albania, Belarus, Benin, Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Macedonia, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Republic of Korea, Togo, Uruguay, Uzbekistan)
& 1 Region
(EEA – 30 member states)
  • Albania: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Belarus: Presidential Decree No. 16 On improvement of the procedure for waste and package management
  • Benin: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Bulgaria: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Estonia: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Hungary: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Italy: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Latvia: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Lesotho: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Liechtenstein: UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • Lithuania: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Macedonia: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Malta: UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • Mexico: National Sustainable Waste Management Bill (2019)
  • Moldova: UNEP 2018, p.57, Table 25
  • Netherlands: UNEP 2018 p.60 Table 27
  • Norway: UNEP 2018 p.60 Table 27
  • ROK: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Togo: Karasik et al. 2020 p.192
  • Uruguay: UNEP 2018 p.60 Table 27
  • Uzbekistan: UNEP 2018, p.57, Table 25
  • EEA: EU Directive 2004/12/EC
Plastic flags
1 Country (India)
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
None
N/A
Plastic produce labels
2 Countries
(Colombia, New Zealand)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • New Zealand: Plastic and Related Products Regulations 2022
None
N/A
Plastic trays/​platters
5 Countries
(Colombia, India, Mauritius, New Zealand, Saint Lucia)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
  • Mauritius: Government of Mauritius Notice No. 156 of 2020.
  • New Zealand: Plastic and Related Products Regulations 2022
  • Saint Lucia: Styrofoam and Plastic Food Service Containers (Prohibition) Act No. 22 of 2019
2 Countries
(Belize, England)
  • Belize: Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) (Amendment) Regulations, 2022
  • England: UK Statutory Instruments 2023 No. 982
Plates and bowls
23 Countries
(Belize, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Dominica, Ecuador, France, Haiti, India, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, New Zealand, Panama, Peru, Saint Lucia, Saudi Arabia, Scotland, Sri Lanka, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Wales) & 1 Region (EEA – 30 member states)
  • Belize: Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) Regulations, 2020
  • Canada: Single-use Plastics Prohibition Regulations (SOR/2022-138)
  • Chile: Law N°21.368v (2021)
  • China: Xinhua News Agency (2020)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • Dominica: Karasik et al. (2020) p.230
  • Ecuador : Ley orgánica para la racionalización, reutilización, y reducción de plásticos de un solo uso (2020)
  • France: UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • Haiti: Karasik et al. 2020 p.286
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
  • Maldives: Environment Protection and Preservation Act (Act No. 4/93)
  • Marshall Islands: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Mauritius: Government of Mauritius Notice No. 156 of 2020.
  • New Zealand: Plastic and Related Products Regulations 2022
  • Panama: Law No. 187 - Regulating the Reduction and Progressive Replacement of Single-Use Plastics in 2021
  • Peru: Ley No. 30884 que Regula el Plástico de Un Solo Uso y los Recipientes o Envases Descartables
  • Saint Lucia: Styrofoam and Plastic Food Service Containers (Prohibition) Act No. 22 of 2019
  • Saudi Arabia: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Scotland: Scottish Statutory Instruments 2021 No. 410
  • Sri Lanka: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Tuvalu: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Vanuatu: UNEP 2018, p.53, Table 23
  • Wales: Act of Senedd Cymru 2023 asc 2
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904 
8 Countries
(Denmark, England, Latvia, Macedonia, Malta, Republic of Korea, San Marino, Slovenia)
& 1 Region
  • Denmark: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • England: UK Statutory Instruments 2023 No. 982
  • Latvia: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Macedonia: UNEP 2018, p.56, Table 25
  • Malta: UNEP 2018, p.51, Table 23
  • ROK: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • San Marino: UNEP 2018, p.52, Table 23
  • Slovenia: UNEP 2018, p.57, Table 25
Ring carriers
2 Countries
(Canada, Panama)
  • Panama: Law No. 187 - Regulating the Reduction and Progressive Replacement of Single-Use Plastics in 2021
  • Canada: Single-use Plastics Prohibition Regulations (SOR/2022-138)
None
N/A
Sanitary towels
None
N/A
1 Region
(EEA – 30 member states)
EU Directive 2019/904 
Sticks to support balloons
6 Countries
(Colombia, England, India, Panama, Scotland, Wales)
& 1 Region (EEA – 30 member states)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • England: UK Statutory Instruments 2023 No. 982
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
  • Panama: Law No. 187 - Regulating the Reduction and Progressive Replacement of Single-Use Plastics in 2021
  • Scotland: Scottish Statutory Instruments 2021 No. 410
  • Wales: Act of Senedd Cymru 2023 asc 2
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904
Straws
17 Countries
(Belize, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Dominica, Ecuador,  India, Indonesia, Maldives, Mauritius, New Zealand, Panama, Peru, Saint Lucia, Scotland, Vanuatu, Wales)
& 1 Region (EEA – 30 member states)
  • Belize: Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) Regulations, 2020
  • Canada: Single-use Plastics Prohibition Regulations (SOR/2022-138)
  • Chile: Law N°21.368v (2021)
  • China: Xinhua News Agency (2020)
  • Colombia: Proyecto de Ley 010 de 2020 Cámara
  • Dominica: Karasik et al. (2020) p.230
  • Ecuador: Ley orgánica para la racionalización, reutilización, y reducción de plásticos de un solo uso (2020)
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change of India, 2021
  • Indonesia: MoEF decree No. P.75/2019 on Roadmap to Waste Reduction by Producers
  • Maldives: Environment Protection and Preservation Act (Act No. 4/93)
  • Mauritius: Government of Mauritius Notice No. 156 of 2020.
  • New Zealand: Plastic and Related Products Regulations 2022
  • Panama: Law No. 187 - Regulating the Reduction and Progressive Replacement of Single-Use Plastics in 2021
  • Peru: Ley No. 30884 que Regula el Plástico de Un Solo Uso y los Recipientes o Envases Descartables
  • Saint Lucia: Styrofoam and Plastic Food Service Containers (Prohibition) Act No. 22 of 2019
  • Scotland: Scottish Statutory Instruments 2021 No. 410
  • Vanuatu: UNEP 2018, p.53, Table 23
  • Wales: Act of Senedd Cymru 2023 asc 2
  • EEA: EU Directive 2019/904 
1 Country (England)
  • England: UK Statutory Instruments 2020 No. 971
Tobacco products (incl. cigarette filters and packets)
1 Country (India)
  • India: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (2021)
 
1 Region
(EEA – 30 member states)
EU Directive 2019/904 
Wet wipes
None
N/A
1 Region
(EEA – 30 member states)
EU Directive 2019/904 

B. Examples of existing restrictions of polymers and monomers by countries and regions (expanding on Table 2)

Monomer/​Polymer
Countries
Ethylene
Ethylene (ethene)
4 countries (Belize, Macedonia, Sri Lanka, Uganda)
Polyethylene (Polythene)
9 countries (China, Haiti, Panama, Paraguay, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Uganda)
& 1 region (EAC – 8 countries)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
7 countries (China, Germany, Mauritius, Norway, Republic of Korea, Seychelles, Switzerland)
& 1 region (EEA - (30 countries)
Styrene
Styrene
3 countries (Belize, China, Sri Lanka)
Polystyrene
18 countries (Belize, Costa Rica, Dominica, Ecuador, England, Guyana, Haiti, Marshall Islands, Palau, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Scotland, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Tuvalu, Uganda, Wales, Zimbabwe)
Expanded polystyrene (EPS)
3 countries (Antigua & Barbuda, Canada, Peru)
& 1 region (EEA - (30 countries)
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
1 country (Seychelles)
Propylene
Propylene
1 country (Belize)
Polypropylene
3 countries (Belize, Seychelles, Sri Lanka)
Vinyl
Vinyl
1 country (Seychelles)
Vinyl chloride
2 countries (Macedonia, Sri Lanka)
Polyvinyl
1 country (China)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
4 countries (Canada, Republic of Korea, Seychelles, Switzerland)
Others
Polybutylene terephthalate
1 country (Seychelles)
Polycarbonate
1 country (Seychelles)
Polyphenylene oxide
1 country (Seychelles)
Table 7: Number and list of countries regulating each type of monomer or polymer
Table 8: Details of monomer and polymer restrictions
Regions
Monomer/​Polymer
Restriction
Source
East African Community (EAC)
(8 countries)
Polythene
Use, sale, manufacturing, and importation of polythene is regulated in all the East African Community Partner States. For the avoidance of any doubt, the elimination of polythene bags shall be complete in all the Partner States within one year from the coming into force of this Act.
The East African Community Polythene Materials Control Bill 2016
European Economic Area (EEA)
(30 countries)
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
With regard to beverage bottles listed in Part F of the Annex, each Member State shall ensure that: (a) from 2025, beverage bottles listed in Part F of the Annex which are manufactured from polyethylene terephthalate as the major component (‘PET bottles’) contain at least 25 % recycled plastic, calculated as an average for all PET bottles placed on the market on the territory of that Member State; and (b) from 2030, beverage bottles listed in Part F of the Annex contain at least 30 % recycled plastic, calculated as an average for all such beverage bottles placed on the market on the territory of that Member State.
Directive (EU) 2019/904 of the European Parliament
European Economic Area (EEA)
(30 countries)
Expanded polystyrene (EPS)
According to Art. 5, Member States shall restrict the placing on the market single-use plastic products listed in Part B of the Annex, including food and beverage containers and cups for beverages made of EPS.
Directive (EU) 2019/904 of the European Parliament
Countries
Monomer/​Polymer
Restriction
Source
Antigua and Barbuda
Expanded polystyrene (EPS)
Ban on expanded polystyrene products in the food service industry
UNEP 2018 p.51 Table23
Belize
Ethylene
Found in Schedule 1 - Restricted Products: Of polymers of ethylene (bulk material of items stated in heading: other plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, or plastics, non-cellular and not reinforced, laminated, supported or similarly combined with other materials)
Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) (Amendment) Regulations, 2022
Belize
Propylene
Found in Schedule 1 - Restricted Products: Of polymers of propylene (bulk material of items stated in heading: other plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, or plastics, non-cellular and not reinforced, laminated, supported or similarly combined with other materials)
Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) (Amendment) Regulations, 2022
Belize
Polypropylene
Found in Schedule 1 - Restricted Products: Polypropylene (raw material for manufacturing of restricted product)
Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) (Amendment) Regulations, 2022
Belize
Styrene
Found in Schedule 1 - Restricted Products: Of polymers of styrene (bulk material of items stated in heading: other plates, sheets, film, foil and strip, or plastics, non-cellular and not reinforced, laminated, supported or similarly combined with other materials)
Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) (Amendment) Regulations, 2022
Belize
Polystyrene
Found in Schedule 1 - Restricted Products: Polystyrene (raw material for manufacturing of restricted product)
Environmental Protection (Pollution from Plastics) (Amendment) Regulations, 2022
Canada
Expanded polystyrene
Ban on foodservice made of expanded/​extruded polystyrene
Canada
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Ban on foodservice ware made of polyvinyl chloride
Single-use Plastics Prohibition Regulations (SOR/2022-138)
China
Polyethylene
(…) prohibitions on the production and use of thin plastic bags and polyethylene agricultural films, as well as on the production of plastic products with medical waste and imports of plastic waste.
Government of the PRC (2020)
China
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Ban on the import of used plastics for use as raw materials, including plastic bags, films, and nets, and polyvinyl, styrene polymer, PET
UNEP 2018 p.51 Table 23
China
Polyvinyl
Ban on the import of used plastics for use as raw materials, including plastic bags, films, and nets, and polyvinyl, styrene polymer, PET
UNEP 2018 p.51 Table 23
China
Styrene
Ban on the import of used plastics for use as raw materials, including plastic bags, films, and nets, and polyvinyl, styrene polymer, PET
UNEP 2018 p.51 Table 23
Costa Rica
Polystyrene
A ban on single-use plastics (including polystyrene) in food service areas of government institutions.
UNEP 2018 p.51 Table 23
Dominica
Polystyrene
Ban on styrofoam cups and containers.
Karasik et al. 2020 p.285
Ecuador
Polystyrene
The manufacture and import, distribution, marketing, delivery, and use of containers or containers and glasses for food and beverages for human consumption when the containers are derived from polystyrene—whether expanded, extruded, or foam—and do not contain the minimum percentage of post-consumer recycled material in their composition
Government of Ecuador. (2020). Ley orgánica para la racionalización, reutilización, y reducción de plásticos de un solo uso.
England
Polystyrene
Single-use polystyrene food or drink containers, including cups, are banned.
Germany
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Mandatory deposit-refund scheme for disposable beverage bottles, including PET bottles
UNEP 2018 p.60 Table 27
Guyana
Polystyrene
The manufacture, use, distribution, and import of polystyrene containers for food service establishments is banned
UNEP 2018 p.51 Table 23
Haiti
Polyethylene
Ban on importing, manufacturing of black plastic polyethylene bags.
UNEP 2018 p.24 Table 7
Haiti
Polystyrene
The manufacture, import, and use of polystyrene products is banned.
UNEP 2018 p.51 Table 23
Macedonia
Ethylene
It is prohibited to release on the market bags for transport of goods made of ethylene polymers, poly (vinyl chloride) and/or other plastic materials.
Karasik et al. 2020 p.224
Macedonia
Vinyl chloride
It is prohibited to release on the market bags for transport of goods made of ethylene polymers, poly (vinyl chloride) and/or other plastic materials.
Karasik et al. 2020 p.224
Marshall Islands
Polystyrene
Ban on the importation, manufacture, sale and distribution of polystyrene cups and plates.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Mauritius
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
No responsible person shall bottle or cause to be bottled any beverage in a PET bottle unless he is in possession of a permit, and shall submit to the Department an annual return in respect of the number of PET bottles produced, collected, recycled and exported.
Karasik et al. 2020
Norway
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Environmental tax on manufacturers and importers of recyclable bottles in PET plastic.
UNEP 2018 p.57 Table 25
Palau
Polystyrene
Ban on disposable plastic and polystyrene beverage containers in government offices
Karasik et al. 2020 p.286
Panama
Polyethylene
The use of polyethylene bags in supermarkets, self-service checkout, warehouses or shops in general for the transport of products or merchandise is prohibited.
Karasik et al. 2020 p.236
Paraguay
Polyethylene
Gradual replacement of polyethylene bags with biodegradable bags
UNEP 2018 p.21 Table 4
Peru
Expanded polystyrene
The law prohibits production (for national use), import, distribution, and sale of the following:
-        expanded polystyrene (Styrofoam) plates, cups and utensils for human food consumption
Ley No. 30884 que Regula el Plástico de Un Solo Uso y los Recipientes o Envases Descartables
Republic of Korea
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Ban on free distribution of disposable products, including PET bottles, plastic plates, utensils, cups and other disposable packages - these cannot be provided free of charge
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Republic of Korea
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Manufacturers should not laminate or shrink-wrap with PVC .
Karasik et al. 2020 p.286
Rwanda
Polythene
Imported consumer goods packaged in polythene bags or single-use plastic items are subject to an environmental levy in accordance with relevant laws. The manufacturing, use, importation or sale of polythene bags and single-use plastic items are prohibited. Every authorized manufacturer, wholesaler or retailer of polythene bags or single use plastic items must put in place the mechanisms to collect and segregate used polythene bags or single use plastic items and hand them over to the recycling plants.
Karasik et al. 2020 p.196
Saint Lucia
Polystyrene
A person shall not import, manufacture, sell, use, or distribute a Styrofoam or plastic food service container as specified in Part A and B of the Schedule.
Styrofoam and Plastic Food Service Containers (Prohibition) Act No. 22 of 2019.
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Polystyrene
Ban on manufacture, use, sale, and import of all expanded polystyrene products
in the food service industry.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Saudi Arabia
Polyethylene
Prohibited to manufacture, advertise, sell, import, or use polypropylene and polyethylene plastics intended for one-time use, including personal care products, plastic bags intended for one-time use, and disposable foot products such as spoons, plates, and cups.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Saudi Arabia
Polypropylene
Prohibited to manufacture, advertise, sell, import, or use polypropylene and polyethylene plastics intended for one-time use, including personal care products, plastic bags intended for one-time use, and disposable foot products such as spoons, plates, and cups.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Scotland
Polystyrene
The Regulations make it an offence to supply, in the course of business, and to manufacture:  single-use expanded polystyrene beverage cups, single-use expanded polystyrene beverage containers, and single-use expanded polystyrene food containers 
Seychelles
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
Prohibition on the manufacture, import, distribution, and sale of plastic utensils. Plastic is defined as: “material which contains as an essential ingredient a high polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, vinyl, lowdensity polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene resins, multi-materials like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, polyburtylene terephthalate “
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Seychelles
Polyburtylene terephthalate
Prohibition on the manufacture, import, distribution, and sale of plastic utensils. Plastic is defined as: “material which contains as an essential ingredient a high polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, vinyl, lowdensity polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene resins, multi-materials like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, polyburtylene terephthalate.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Seychelles
Polycarbonate
Prohibition on the manufacture, import, distribution, and sale of plastic utensils. Plastic is defined as: “material which contains as an essential ingredient a high polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, vinyl, lowdensity polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene resins, multi-materials like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, polyburtylene terephthalate “
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Seychelles
Polyethylene
Prohibition on the manufacture, import, distribution, and sale of plastic utensils. Plastic is defined as: “material which contains as an essential ingredient a high polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, vinyl, low density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene resins, multi-materials like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, polyburtylene terephthalate “
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Seychelles
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Prohibition on the manufacture, import, distribution, and sale of plastic utensils. Plastic is defined as: “material which contains as an essential ingredient a high polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, vinyl, lowdensity polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene resins, multi-materials like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, polyburtylene terephthalate “
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23

All beverage containers imported, manufactured, distributed, traded in or used shall be made of PET or glass. All beverage containers imported, manufactured, distributed, traded in or use shall be labeled by paper or PET film. All PET beverage containers shall have the standard symbol for PET moulded at the bottom or side wall of the container and the symbol of PET shall be clearly indicated on any label used.
Karasik et al. 2020 p.194
Seychelles
Polyphenylene oxide
Prohibition on the manufacture, import, distribution, and sale of plastic utensils. Plastic is defined as: “material which contains as an essential ingredient a high polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, vinyl, lowdensity polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene resins, multi-materials like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, polyburtylene terephthalate “
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Seychelles
Polypropylene
Prohibition on the manufacture, import, distribution, and sale of plastic utensils. Plastic is defined as: “material which contains as an essential ingredient a high polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, vinyl, lowdensity polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene resins, multi-materials like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, polyburtylene terephthalate “
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Seychelles
Polystyrene
Prohibition on the manufacture, import, distribution, and sale of polystyrene boxes.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Seychelles
Vinyl
Prohibition on the manufacture, import, distribution, and sale of plastic utensils. Plastic is defined as: “material which contains as an essential ingredient a high polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, vinyl, lowdensity polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene resins, multi-materials like acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyphenylene oxide, polycarbonate, polyburtylene terephthalate “
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Seychelles
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
The import, manufacture, trade and commercial distribution of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) labels shall be prohibited for the purpose of labeling beverage containers for use within the Republic of Seychelles
Karasik et al. 2020 p.194
Sri Lanka
Ethylene
The import of disposable polystyrene boxes and polymers of ethylene, styrene and vinyl chloride are controlled.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Sri Lanka
Polyethylene
Ban on the manufacture, distribution and use of lunch wrappers made from polyethylene.
The use of all forms of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene products or polypropylene products as decoration in political, social, religious, national, cultural or any other event or occasion is prohibited.
UNEP 2018 p.52 T.23
Karasik et al. 2020 p. 248
Sri Lanka
Polypropylene
The use of all forms of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene products or polypropylene products as decoration in political, social, religious, national, cultural or any other event or occasion is prohibited.
Karasik et al. 2020 p. 248
Sri Lanka
Polystyrene
Ban on the manufacture, distribution and use of food containers, plates, cups, and spoons made from polystyrene. Separately, the import of disposable polystyrene boxes is controlled.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Sri Lanka
Polythene
Prohibit - The manufacture of polythene or any polythene product of twenty microns or below in thickness for in country use; and the sale or use of polythene or any polythene product which is 20 microns or below in thickness.
Karasik et al. 2020 p.244
Sri Lanka
Styrene
The import of disposable polystyrene boxes and polymers of ethylene, styrene and vinyl chloride are controlled.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Sri Lanka
Vinyl Chloride
The import of disposable polystyrene boxes and polymers of ethylene, styrene and vinyl chloride are controlled.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Switzerland
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Dealers, manufacturers and importers who supply beverages in non-refillable PET or metal containers to consumers and who do not ensure the disposal of all containers they supply through financial contributions to a private organization, must: a. take back such non-refillable containers at all points of sale during all opening hours; b. pass such non-refillable containers on for recycling at their own expense. Dealers, manufacturers and importers who supply beverages in non-refillable PET or metal containers to consumers and who do not ensure the disposal of all containers they supply through financial contributions to a private organisation, must:..c. indicate clearly in easily visible places at the points of sale that they accept the return of these types of non-refillable containers.
Karasik et al. 2020 p.217
Switzerland
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Dealers, manufacturers and importers who supply beverages to consumers must: a. mark refillable containers as such; this does not apply to restaurant businesses; b. indicate the amount of the deposit charged on deposit-bearing beverage containers; c. on non-refillable PVC containers indicate the name and address of a company in Switzerland that is obliged to take them back. Dealers, manufacturers and importers who supply beverages in non-refillable PVC containers to consumers must charge a deposit. They must take back non-refillable PVC containers of all the products they stock, refund the deposit and at their own expense pass the containers on for recycling. Exempted from these obligations are holders of restaurant businesses who ensure that non-refillable PVC containers are collected. The deposit shall be not less than CHF 0.30 for any non-refillable PVC container.
Karasik et al. 2020 p.217
Tuvalu
Polystyrene
The manufacture, sale, and distribution of plastic foam products (including polystyrene foam, board stock, egg cartons, food containers, disposable plates and cups, and horticulture netting) is banned.
UNEP 2018 p.52 Table 23
Uganda
Ethene
The importation, local manufacture, sale or use of sacks and bags of polymers of ethene and polyethene is prohibited.
Karasik et al. 2020
Uganda
Polyethene
The importation, local manufacture, sale or use of sacks and bags of polymers of ethene and polyethene is prohibited.
Karasik et al. 2020
Vanuatu
Polystyrene
The manufacture, distribution, use, and import of polystyrene products, including takeout boxes, food packaging, disposable plates and cups, and horticultural netting is banned.
UNEP 2018 p.53 Table 23
Wales
Polystyrene
EPS or XPS cups, takeaway food containers, and lids for cups or takeaway food containers are prohibited.
Zimbabwe
Polystyrene
The manufacture, distribution, use, and import of polystyrene is prohibited, and any person who- (a) uses polystyrene in packaging to protect goods from damage during transportation or storage; (b) uses polystyrene in construction, shall take responsibility for recycling any polystyrene packaging material they manufacture and sell.
UNEP 2018 p.53 Table 23